English Trade Laws Colonial Trade The Middle Passage (Slave Trade)

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Life in Colonial America

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Presentation transcript:

English Trade Laws Colonial Trade The Middle Passage (Slave Trade) The Growth of Trade English Trade Laws Colonial Trade The Middle Passage (Slave Trade)

English Trade Laws Trade was the main reason for founding the colonies. (Imperialism and mercantilism) Under mercantilism, the desire is to become economically self-sufficient, trade is controlled carefully. This is called a balance of trade. (fewer imports than exports.)

The Problem b/t England and the Colonies Between 1650 and 1696, the British Parliament passed a series of laws to make sure they maintained a balance of trade. They were called the Navigation Acts Required colonists to do the bulk of trading with England The acts also forced the colonists to pay duties on imports (higher taxes)

The Problem Continued England claimed that the acts helped the colonies by offering them a steady market The colonies wanted greater freedom to trade with other countries (seeking cheaper markets.) THE COLONIES WANTED FREE ENTERPRISE – economic competition with little governmental control. The English gov. prevented this which led to an unfavorable balance of trade in the colonies.

Mercantilism & the colonies Colonies sold raw materials to England, England sold manufactured goods to the colonies, The Navigation Acts forced the colonies to trade only with England What were some of the disadvantages the colonists experienced under this system? Would Am. Business support this system today?

Triangular trade A triangle of trade existed between the Americas, England, and Africa. This is an early form of free enterprise

The Slave Trade Was known as the middle passage Brought about 10 million Africans to the Americas as slaves Slaves were sold for molasses or taken to the colonies and sold for cash Olaudah Equiano – described the horrors of the voyage

The middle passage Could last 3 months Africans were chained by the hands and neck Lived between the upper and lower decks of the ship As many were put on a ship as possible to ensure greater profits.

Colonial Economy Agriculture in the Southern Colonies Crops Labor Cash crops-sold for a profit (tobacco, rice) Eliza Lucas Pinckney introduced indigo to S. Carolina Labor Slaves replaced servants by 1700s Most southern colonies passed slave codes to control slaves (laws)

Colonial Economy continued Industry and trade in New England Agriculture Crop growth was limited by soil conditions and climate Limited demand for labor meant fewer slaves Industries Traded locally and overseas Fishing, shipbuilding, and timber Learning Skills Apprentices learned a skilled trade

Colonial Economy continued The Middle Colonies Agriculture Rich land and good growing season Produced staple crops- crops always needed. Such as wheat, barley and oats Labor Slaves worked as skilled laborers, dock workers, and farmhands. Indentured servants were also used Trade and free enterprise – valued in region

Women and the economy Ran farms and businesses Laws Women needed husbands permission to work outside of the home Husband had the right to keep the money his wife earned. Most women worked out of the home as doctors and midwives.