Warm Up 1. Who founded Rome? 2. What were the 2 main social groups in Rome? 3. Name the 3 branches of Government? 4. What was the Philosophy of the Republican Government?

Ancient Rome

Government Balanced government Monarchy, aristocracy, democracy 3 branches 1. Consuls 2. Senate 3. Dictator Rome was not ruled by any single man. Philosophy of the Republic, which was about having a balance of power.

Roman Republic Govnt Consuls 2 officials that acted like kings Commanded the army Directed the government Term  1 year Power was limited Same person could not be elected again for 10 years One consul could overturn the other

Roman Republic Govnt Senate 300 men from upper class Controlled public funds Determined foreign & domestic policy Acted as a court Most important of the three branches Assemblies Represented democratic side Organized by plebeians & Tribal Assembly Made laws for the common people/republic itself

Roman Republic Govnt Dictator In times of crisis, a dictator would be elected Had absolute power to make laws and to control the army Their power only last 6 months Chosen by the consuls & then elected by the senate

The Roman Army Every adult male who owned land had to serve in the army when needed Large military units Legions  5,000 men (infantry) Legionaries supported by cavalry. Legions were divide into smaller groups 80 men (century)

Army Guidelines Roman army was very strict Had very harsh punishments A person seeking to run for public office had to serve in the army for 10+ years

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rcbedan5R1s  Roman Army Video

Rome Spreads Its Power By the 4th century BCE, Rome dominated central Italy. By 265 BCE, Rome had defeated the Etruscans to the North & the Greek city-states to the south Controlled nearly all of Italy

Conquered Territory Rome had different laws & treatment for different people. All Latins were given full citizenship. In further territories from Rome, the citizens enjoyed the rights of Romans expect the right to vote.

Conquered Territory Most conquered groups fell into a category called Allies of Rome. Rome promised not to interfere in their governments, as long as they provided troops, paid taxes, and had no alliance with enemies of Rome.

Roman Expansion Under the leadership of ambitious generals, Rome’s highly trained soldiers took over most of the land surrounding the Mediterranean. The ancient Romans called the Mediterranean mare nostrum, meaning “our sea”. Was the Mediterranean Sea a major trading route?

Writing Activity Choose one social class (Patricians or Plebeians), and write 8-10 sentences describing what life was like living in that social class? Ex: Was I treated fairly? Did I have a say so in government? How was Government arranged if I could serve? Could I serve in the army? Could I marry who I wanted? May have to use your iPad to research some additional information.