1. Government and Society
The Roman Republic
Government and Society

2. The Roman Republic about

3. How did Rome start?
People had been living on the Italian Peninsula since the ?!
Waves of people came from the North through the ?
? – settled in villages along the Tiber River, united the villages to form Rome
? – took over Rome, blended into the population, brought culture
? – brought religion

4. Early Rome – 600 B.C.E.

5. Is it a city? Is it a civilization? Both!
Rome was a large, powerful city located along the ? on the Italian Peninsula.
It became a large civilization that covered the ?

6. Rome becomes a Republic
509 B.C.E. - Wealthy Roman landowners ? the Etruscan king
In place of the monarchy, the Romans established a ?!

7. So…What is a Republic?

8. Citizenship Citizens Non-citizens Selected aliens Most aliens Slaves
Patricians & Plebeian ?
Selected aliens
Non-citizens ?
Most aliens
Slaves

9. Citizenship
Rights and responsibilities
Vote
Pay ?
Serve in the ?

10. Social Classes ? Powerful nobility (few in number)
Majority of the population
Not based on race, harsh life

11. Roman Republic: Structure of Government
Consuls
Senate
Assemblies

12. Consuls Number of People: 2 Role: chief executives Term: 1 year
Class: Patricians

13. Consuls Responsibilities Commanded the army
Run the government
Commanded the army
Listen to the Senate’s advice
Power to veto (refuse to approve) acts of the other consul

14. Senate Number of People: 300 Role: Make laws Term: Life
Class: Patricians

15. Senate Responsibilities Most influential and powerful
Controlled public funds
Decided foreign policy

16. Assemblies Role: Groups of Roman citizens who voted
Included Plebeians!

17. Assemblies Responsibilities Elect officials (including consuls)
Vote to make war or peace
Serve as courts
Elect 10 officials called tribunes, who had some power over actions by the Senate
Tribunes had the power to veto actions if they were not in the public interest

18. In case of emergency… Establish a dictatorship.
The ? could propose that a citizen become ? (an absolute ruler) for up to 6 months
The ? would then appoint the dictator

19. The Twelve Tables
? of the Roman Republic engraved on twelve stone tablets
The Twelve Tables were placed in the ?, the main public square, for all to view

20. Court System ?
They were elected
Oversaw the Roman legal system