The New Deal The Three R’s Relief: To help people cope with the depression Recovery: To help end the depression. Reform: To prevent future economic problems Franklin D. Roosevelt

Federal Securities Act Problem Solution Federal Securities Act The Stock Market Crash Buying “on Margin” Insider Trading Over-valuing of stock Securities and Exchange Commission set up to enforce new government regulations of stock market. Reform

Problem Solution Relief Reform “Bank Runs” Emergency Banking Relief Act & Bank Holiday Relief Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. Lack of Consumer Confidence in Banking System Reform

Relief/Recovery Solution Problems “Hoovervilles” People Can’t Afford Housing Low demand for goods & services Federal Housing Administration Relief/Recovery

Farm Security Administration Camp for Dust Bowl Refugees Problem Solution Farm Security Administration Dust Bowl Camp for Dust Bowl Refugees Droughts in Mid-West cause storms and ruin crops. Relief

Agricultural Adjustment Act Problem Solution Agricultural Adjustment Act Overproduction Overproduction of farm goods led to low prices. Some farmers protested by dumping crops or burning them for fuel. Farmers received subsidies in exchange for limiting production. Recovery

Works Progress Administration (WPA) Problems Solution #1 High Unemployment Works Progress Administration (WPA) Recovery 1/3 of population unemployed Families can’t pay rent Thousands migrate in search of better conditions Hunger & even starvation Puts people to work on government projects. Both manual and intellectual projects. Federal Writers Project (Including Historians!) Artists Paint Post Office Murals

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Solution #2 Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) CCC Workers Build Fence in Greene, NY Young people were given jobs doing conservation & recreation related projects. Local examples include some of the pavilions at Chenango Valley State Park. Recovery

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Problems Solution Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Underdevelopment of South TVA builds dams to provide electricity to rural South. Construction and operation also provides work for unemployed. Recovery

National Industrial Recovery Act Problem Solution Factory Closings National Industrial Recovery Act Required industries to create codes regulating wages, hours, working conditions, & prices. It was designed to promote recovery by ending wage & price deflation. Recovery

National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) Problem Solution Labor Disputes National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) A Sit-down Strike Guaranteed workers the right to bargain collectively and form unions w/out fear of punishment from management. Reform

Problems Solution Relief Social Security Act Poverty among elderly & disabled. Relief Old Age Pensions Aid to Disabled Encouraged states to provide matching benefits. Men signing up for social security.

FDR and the Supreme Court ‘The court-packing plan’The US Supreme Court declared many of FDR’s New Deal programs. In response, Roosevelt wanted to “pack” the Supreme Court with younger judges that would favor his ideas. His plan consisted in adding 6 more justices to the Supreme Court and replacing any Supreme Court justice over the age of 70. His plan was struck down by the US Congress, but eventually in the 12 years that FDR served as president he got to appoint 8 justices.

End of the Great Depression The Great Depression ended with the outbreak of World War 2. US factories flooded with orders for weapons. Unemployment decreases and production increases Depression completely ends completely by the time the US enters the war in 1941.

Closure Which New Deal program do you think was the most important in helping relief, reform, and recover the country?