Workshop on School for Drafting Regulations on Radiation Safety on Regulatory Infrastructure Development Project (RIRP) Module 2.3 International Framework for Transport Regulations 15 – 19 December 2014 Vienna Bill Brach

Presentation Overview IAEA responsibility to develop transport regulations UN framework for international transport regulation Role of SSR-6 in UN framework for international transport regulation UN Model Regulations - Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (commonly referred to as the UN Orange Book) ICAO and IMO Modal Regulations Postal Transport

IAEA Role in Developing Transport Regulations UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) Resolution in 1959 ECOSOC recognized the necessity of coordination with IAEA on matters involving radioactive material Recall IAEA established in 1957 ECOSOC requested UN Secretary-General to entrust IAEA with drafting recommendations for transport of radioactive material IAEA to formulate transport recommendations in consultation with the United Nations and the relevant specialized agencies Provisions of the IAEA Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material will be incorporated in the UN Model Regulations (ECOSOC Resolution 1997)

IAEA Actions to Develop Transport Regulations IAEA Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Materials first published in 1961 Since 1961 transport regulations have been comprehensively revised five times (1964, 1967, 1973, 1985, 1996) Multiple new Editions and Amendments have been published Most recent and current publication is SSR-6 2012 Edition

IAEA Actions to Develop Transport Regulations Transport regulations are “reviewed” every two years by IAEA and Transport Safety Standards Committee (TRANSSC) Based on IAEA and TRANSSC “review” of proposed changes to the regulations, IAEA and TRANSSC determine if the proposed change(s) are significant enough to warrant a “revision” of SSR-6 IAEA consults with and closely collaborates with other UN agencies in the review of proposed changes to SSR-6 including: UN Subcommittee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (SCETDG) UN International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) UN Maritime Organization (IMO) UN Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) serving also as Secretariat for SCETDG

IAEA Input To International Transport Regulations Consistent with ECOSOC Resolutions of 1959 and 1997, IAEA provides the transport regulations (SSR-6) to the SCETDG SCETDG incorporates the radioactive material transport regulations into the UN Model Regulations Recommendations for the Transport of Dangerous Goods (commonly referred to as the UN Orange Book)

Comprehensive Regulatory Framework for International Transport Safety The implementation of IAEA Regs into the Model and Modal Regulations (190) Class 7 All modes All 9 Classes All modes Air Mail Sea (192) (159) Land transport Road, Rail and Inland Waterway Regional: MERCOSUR/MERCOSUL (4) ADR (47), RID (45), ADN (17) 7

Hierarchy for International and National Transport Regulations UN Modal Regulations UN Model Regulations (UNOB) IAEA SSR-6 (2012 Edition)

Subcommittee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (SCETDG) Responsible for reviewing and revising the UN Orange Book Work on 2 year revision cycle, with new edition of UNOB completed the end of every even year (e.g., Dec 2014 will approve 19th Edition) Approximately 30 member countries on the committee Non-voting countries and inter-governmental organisations can attend as ‘observers’ ICAO and IMO participate International trade associations in UN consultative status may also attend (e.g., IATA) SCETDG meets in Geneva, Switzerland, typically in June and December

What is the UN Orange Book Provides recommendations that will allow uniform development of international and national regulations governing the various modes of transport of dangerous goods Provides non-mandatory ‘Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods’ for all modes of transport Written in the form of ‘Model Regulations’ for international and national use UNOB does not provide guidance so regulatory text needs to be broad and comprehensive Note SSR-6 is supplemented with six Safety Guides including the Advisory Material (SSG-26) that provides extensive implementing guidance for SSR-6

What is the UN Orange Book (cont.) UNOB covers all modes of transport (air, water and land) for all classes of dangerous goods Dangerous goods are categorized in nine classes: Class 1 – explosives Class 2 – gases Class 3 - flammable liquids Class 4 – flammable solids Class 5 – oxidizing substances and organic peroxides Class 6 – toxic and infectious substances Class 7 – radioactive material Class 8 – corrosive substances Class 9 – miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles UNOB has seven parts (chapters) and is published in two volumes

How is the UN Orange Book Used ICAO and IMO participate at SCETDG in the review and revision of the UN Orange Book ICAO and IMO also participate at IAEA in the TRANSSC review and revision of SSR-6 ICAO and IMO revise their respective modal regulations every two years to reflect changes in the UNOB and if IAEA revised SSR-6 during the two year UNOB review/revision cycle, then those changes would be incorporated in the latest revision to the UNOB and hence in the revised modal regulations

ICAO – Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention) ICAO formed as outcome of 1947 Chicago Convention Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air (Annex 18 to the Chicago Convention) Sets broad principles, one of the Standards requires that dangerous goods are carried in accordance with the Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air (the “Technical Instructions”) To ensure that dangerous goods do not put an aircraft and its occupants at risk, there are international standards which each State, under the provisions of the Chicago Convention, are required to introduce into national legislation The use of these common bases by all forms of transport allows cargo to be transferred safely and smoothly between air, sea, rail and road modes (Annex 18 Chicago Convention) _____________ ICAO web page http://www.icao.int/safety/DangerousGoods/Pages/annex-18.aspx

ICAO Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air ICAO Technical Instructions are kept aligned with the recommendations of the United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods and with the regulations of the International Atomic Energy Agency ICAO Dangerous Goods Panel meets periodically to consider recommendations of the Subcommittee of Experts or the IAEA ICAO Dangerous Goods Panel prepares revised editions of the Technical Instructions.

IMO - International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) SOLAS Convention specifies minimum standards for the construction, equipment and operation of ships, compatible with their safety Flag States are responsible for ensuring that ships under their flag comply with the SOLAS requirements IMO Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG) establishes maritime requirements for transport of dangerous goods consistent with SOLAS requirements IMO Sub-Committee on Carriage of Cargoes and Containers (CCC) meets periodically to review and revise the IMDG Code CCC committee maintains and harmonizes the IMDG Code with the most recent edition of the UN Model Regulations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods,   ________ IMO web http://www.imo.org/MediaCentre/MeetingSummaries/DSC/Pages/CCC-1.aspx

IMO - International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) SOLAS Chapter VII addresses carriage of dangerous goods Chapter VII requires carriage of dangerous goods to be in compliance with the relevant provisions of the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code). Chapter VII includes regulations that address carriage of dangerous goods: Packaged form Solid form in bulk Ships carrying dangerous liquid chemicals in bulk and chemical tankers Ships carrying liquefied gases in bulk and gas carriers And includes special requirements for the carriage of packaged irradiated nuclear fuel, plutonium and high-level radioactive wastes ___________ IMO web page http://www.imo.org/About/Conventions/ListOfConventions/Pages/International-Convention-for-the-Safety-of-Life-at-Sea-(SOLAS),-1974.aspx

Postal Transport Universal Postal Union Convention Universal Postal Convention signed in Vienna on 10 July 1964. The Universal Postal Union (UPU) regulates the international postal services of its 192 member States The Convention requires that the activity of the radioactive contents does not exceed 1/10 of the activity limits prescribed for excepted packages, as defined by and in compliance with IAEA Transport Safety Regulations (see also paras 580 and 581) Packages are marked RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL – QUANTITIES PERMITTED FOR MOVEMENT BY POST (para 581)

Perspective of the Transport of Dangerous Goods by Mode Estimated Fraction of all goods that are Dangerous Goods 15% All Dangerous Goods that are Radioactive Road Rail Air Sea or Canal 20% 3% - 4% 50% <2% <10% <1%

Some Useful Websites United Nations Economic Council for Europe (UNECE), the Secretariat for the Subcommittee of Experts on Transport of Dangerous Goods (SECTDG) http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/danger.html International Maritime Organization (IMO) http://www.imo.org/Pages/home.aspx International Civil Aviation Authority (ICAO) http://www.icao.int/Pages/default.aspx

Questions? Thank you