ALL THE WORLD’S A STAGE: Honing Presentation Skills AORN Surgical Conference and Expo 2016

DISCLAIMER This speaker has obtained funding from CCI to present this educational session.

OBJECTIVES 1. Review principles of teaching strategies. 2. Practice selected presentation skills.

SET UP AN ENVIRONMENT THAT IS CONDUCIVE TO LEARNING Arrangement of tables Atmosphere Materials available to do the job Technology that works

QUESTIONS EVERY PRESENTATION SHOULD ANSWER Purpose of presentation: why are you giving it? What is the expectation for the learner as a result of receiving this information?

COMMON TEACHING STRATEGIES Lecture Group work Simulation Role play Web-based Games

LECTURE CONS PROS Efficient from a presenter standpoint Ease of preparation Appealing to auditory learners Passive activity May not integrate all learning styles Can lack creativity/flexibility Requires exquisite time management skills We are all familiar with lectures-this is the way much of the information was presented in nursing school and in the continuing education offerings that we now attend. (Discuss slide). “Canned” presentations, although convenient, are famous for decreasing individualization/customization for a group and may contain outdated or incorrect information. A good rule of thumb is that it takes 3-4 hours of prep time for every hour that is actually spent in front of the group-and that’s if you’re familiar with the content. Always practice first-there’s nothing worse than finishing what you thought would be an hour’s presentation in 10 minutes, or still having 20 slides left at the end of class. Neither are good learning strategies.  

GROUP WORK PROS CONS Encourages collaboration/ alternative views Stimulates critical thinking Develops networking/social ties Instructions must be clear Activity must be relevant to all members Easy to become distracted Uneven participation You may choose to use the group work strategy for all your classes. Assigning required elements for each subject area for discussion is a great way to make everyone an “expert” in one thing while making the prep workload more equitable. Discuss slide. This strategy is especially effective with our generation X and Y learners, who are masters at technology but may not have developed social skills.

SIMULATION PROS CONS Next best thing to real life experience Provides safe place to make mistakes Provides excellent opportunity to problem solve/critical think Time intensive to prepare and execute Must have access to resources to realistically portray event Not all situations can be simulated Simulation is typically used to demonstrate a skill with the use of realistic props and is becoming more popular as a teaching strategy. You may have access to a simulation lab through your facility. Many folks use this technique for those high –risk, low volume annual competencies, such as MH or fire. Your generation X and Y members may already be very familiar with this teaching strategy from their nursing programs and could serve as valuable resources in the development of scenarios. A downside to simulation- not all situations can be simulated (e.g. V-tach or apnea) but the more realistic the simulation, the better the learning experience and the more likely the information will be retained and accurately applied to real-life situations. Try to avoid the “let’s pretend” approach to simulation, for instance, “let’s pretend that everyone has sterile gloves on”. If you don’t have accurate props, it’s probably best to utilize another teaching strategy.

ROLE PLAY PROS CONS Not all members are comfortable “acting” Time intensive to develop script Must have access to resources to realistically portray event Engages members Most find this an enjoyable exercise Creative outlet Role play is a subset of simulation, and can be a very effective teaching tool; it is typically used for demonstrating a single event or situation, such as a patient interview or dialogue between a nurse and surgeon related to an incorrect count. It’s a great way to demonstrate critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Discuss slide.

WEB-BASED PROS CONS Can reach large number of learners Accessible 24/7 Opportunity for interactive component Can be expensive ? Ability to customize Technology may be unfamiliar to learner I.T. infrastructure must be present Best if used multiple times Don’t overlook your hospital internet or participants’ e-mail accounts as a way to communicate information. Discuss slide.

GAMES PROS CONS Most people find them enjoyable Reinforces knowledge Good for break from routine or “filler” exercise ? How much real learning takes place Time-intensive to develop Difficult to evaluate individual learning Not everyone likes to “play” Most people have played JC jeopardy or some version of clinically-based Wheel of Fortune or Bingo. Discuss slide

ACTIVITY Pick a card, any card 5 minutes to design a strategy based on teaching method Present to group Safe environment for practicing a new skill Direct comments towards activity, not person