The Reproductive System

LET’S GET COMFORTABLE WITH THE VOCAB!! SPERM! PENIS! OVARY! UTERUS! Egg! TESTES! VAGINA!

What is REPRODUCTION…? How DNA gets passed from parent to offspring All living things do it- somehow. What are the 2 types of reproduction?

2 Types of Reproduction: Sexual- requires 2 organisms; has more genetic variation, but takes longer Asexual- requires no partner; is much quicker, but very little genetic variation

Main Functions Develops male/female physical characteristics Produce sex cells Assist in fertilization Produce offspring

Male Reproductive System Has both internal and external organs

Male Reproductive System Penis – external male organ through which urine and semen flow out the body Scrotum – protective sac surrounding testes Testes – male sex gland, produces testosterone sperm Sperm – male reproductive cell, made in testes Urethra – duct where semen and urine travel through urethra testes

Female Reproductive System Has only internal reproductive organs

Female Organs Ovaries – female sex glands, produces estrogen, produce egg cells Egg – female reproductive cell Oviduct – tube that connects ovary to uterus; where fertilization occurs (a.k.a. Fallopian tube) Uterus – hollow organ with muscular walls, site where fertilized egg develops into an embryo Vagina – tube connecting uterus to outside of body releases

The Menstrual Cycle Every month, the adult female body prepares for a potential pregnancy If no pregnancy happens, the cycle repeats itself every 4 weeks The menstrual cycle starts during puberty and ends at menopause

How is a new offspring created? When a sperm fertilizes an egg, a zygote is created, which becomes an embryo How many chromosomes are in the sperm? The egg? The zygote?