LA 8: Unit I: Writing Mechanics

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LA 8: Unit I: Writing Mechanics Sentences

The Parts of a Sentence Every sentence has two main parts: a complete subject and a complete predicate. The subject includes all the words that tell the reader who or what the sentence is about. Eg. My friend Bill drank all my pop. A complete predicate includes all the words that state the action or condition of the subject. They describe what’s happening to the subject.

Types of Sentences Declarative – makes a statement and is usually ended by a period. Interrogative – asks a question and is usually ended by a question mark. Exclamatory – expresses strong emotion. It’s followed by an exclamation mark. Imperative - Expresses a command/order. Sometimes followed by an exclamation mark.

Natural and Inverted Order of the Subject of a Sentence Natural Order – The subject comes BEFORE the verb. Eg. Tom is busy doing nothing. Inverted Order – The subject comes AFTER the verb. Eg. There goes the neighbourhood. Many questions are posed in inverted order. Eg. Where is North America?

Combining Sentences If the subjects and/or the predicate are the same in two different sentences they can be combined into a single sentence. Eg. Tom is eating chicken. Bill is eating chicken. → Tom and Bill are eating chicken. Eg. Tom likes baseball. Tom likes soccer. Tom likes baseball and soccer.

Run-On Sentences Sentence that contains two or more independent clauses and is missing the necessary punctuation such as a period, comma/conjunction, or semicolon. Eg. Tommy likes to fish he also likes to eat his catches. → Tommy likes to fish; he also likes to eat his catches. OR Tommy likes to fish, and he likes to eat his catches.

Simple, Compound, and Complex Sentences Simple Sentence – contains only one independent clause Eg. Tyler already understands the different sentences. Compound sentence – contains two independent clauses. Eg. Tyler already understands the different sentences; he’s ready to tackle paragraph writing. Complex Sentence – contains one independent and one dependent clause. Eg. Carrie’s trying out for volleyball, every Tuesday and Thursday.

Independent and Dependent Clauses Independent Clause – a part of a compound or complex sentence which can stand on its own as a sentence. Eg. You must obey the law, or you might end up in prison. Dependent Clause – a part of a compound or complex sentence which CANNOT stand on its own as a sentence. Eg. Sophie will call for you when she’s ready.