The Metric System Packet # 8 Sunday, December 02, 2018

Introduction The comprehensive decimal system created as a national standard in France in the 1790s, following the revolution, subsequently adopted on an international basis as the primary standard in many countries, and then the standard for science. It is now the primary system for measurement in virtually all developed countries other than the USA; even there it provides the official basis for the measurement standards as well as the scheme for most science. Today it has become the SI system, with various technical differences from its predecessor. Sunday, December 02, 2018

Prefixes Units of Measurements Sunday, December 02, 2018 Prefixes Units of Measurements Prefixes that denote multiples of 10 Tera 1012 Giga 109 Mega 106 Kilo 103 Centi 10-2 Milli 10-3 Micro 10-6 Nano 10-9 Sunday, December 02, 2018

Measurements Continued Changing of prefixes Sunday, December 02, 2018 Measurements Continued Changing of prefixes When moving from large units to small units, we multiply When moving from small units to large units, we divide Examples to be provided in class. Sunday, December 02, 2018

The Metric System Scientists use the metric system for units of Length Sunday, December 02, 2018 The Metric System Scientists use the metric system for units of Length Volume Mass Temperature Sunday, December 02, 2018

Length The basic unit for length is the meter. 1 meter = 100 cm Sunday, December 02, 2018 Length The basic unit for length is the meter. 1 meter = 100 cm 1 centimeter = 10 millimeters 1 meter = 1000 millimeters 1 meter = 1,000,000 micrometers 1 meter = 1,000,000,000 nanometers Remember the prefixes and what they represent. 1 meter = 10,000,000,000 Angstroms Sunday, December 02, 2018

Mass Mass = The amount of matter in an object Sunday, December 02, 2018 Mass Mass = The amount of matter in an object The basic unit of mass is the kilogram 1 kilogram = 1000 grams 1 gram = 1000 milligrams 1000 kilograms = 1 metric ton Sunday, December 02, 2018

Relationship of Mass to Weight Weight = the pull of gravity on a body of mass Important note Mass does not change Weight will change depending on the force of gravity Weight = Mass * Acceleration due to the force of gravity From the equation F = MA Sunday, December 02, 2018

Understanding Weight Force Gravitational Force Sunday, December 02, 2018 Understanding Weight Force The push or pull required to change the state of motion of an object Gravitational Force The force of attraction that every particle of mass in the universe exerts on every other particle Sunday, December 02, 2018

Understanding Weight II Sunday, December 02, 2018 Understanding Weight II Weight The weight of an object is not the same as its mass. Mass is always constant regardless of where the mass is located in the universe Weight is the force that gravity exerts on an object. Sunday, December 02, 2018

Calculating Weight F = ma Force = mass * acceleration Sunday, December 02, 2018 Calculating Weight F = ma Force = mass * acceleration Weight is a measurement of force W = mg g = acceleration due to gravity 9.8 m/s2 ((10 m/s2)) Mass is measure in kilograms Sunday, December 02, 2018

Mass & Matter Recall that Mass is anything that contains matter Sunday, December 02, 2018 Mass & Matter Recall that Mass is anything that contains matter Matter exists in three phases Solid Liquid Gas Sunday, December 02, 2018

Volume The amount of space that a 3D object takes up Sunday, December 02, 2018 Volume The amount of space that a 3D object takes up The basic unit for volume is the liter. 1 Liter = 1000 milliliters (mL) 1 Liter = 1000 cubic centimeters (cm3) Sunday, December 02, 2018

Sunday, December 02, 2018 Temperature The degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment. A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter, expressed in terms of units or degrees designated on a standard scale. Sunday, December 02, 2018

Temperature Scales & Conversions Celsius 0 degrees = freezing point 100 degrees = boiling point T (Celsius) = (5/9)*(T (Fahrenheit) -32) Fahrenheit 32 degrees = freezing point 212 degrees boiling point T (Fahrenheit) = (9/5) * (T (Celsius) + 32) Kelvin (Absolute) 0 degrees = Absolute zero (lowest possible temperature that can be attained by cooling an object = T (Celsius) + 273.15 Sunday, December 02, 2018