Fascism Rises in Europe Chapter 15 Section 3

Think-Write-Pair-Share What do you know about Adolf Hitler and Nazism?

Turn to your partner and discuss You will be sharing your partner’s response

Rise of Fascism Democracies survive in Britain, France, and U.S. Other countries lose faith in democratic governments -> frustrated by the Great Depression and peace treaties of WWI

Think-Write-Pair-Share What countries do you think would lose faith in democracy? Why?

What does fascism have to offer? Revive the economy Punish those responsible for hard times Restore order and national pride

Fascism A new, militant political movement Emphasizes loyalty to the state and obedience to its leader No clearly defined program Extreme form of nationalism Nations must struggle Peaceful countries will be conquered Wear uniforms of a certain color Special salutes Mass rallies

Similarities with Communism Both systems ruled by dictators only one political party Denied individual rights The state (country) was supreme No democratic practices

Differences with Communism Fascists did not want a classless society Each class had its place and function Fascists = aristocrats, industrialists, war veterans, lower middle class Fascists = nationalists Communists = internationalists

Think-Write-Share Does fascism or communism seem to be more concerned with the happiness/safety of the people?

Assignment 2-3 sentences per question 1-2 paragraphs 1. Describe fascism in your own words. 2. How is fascism different than communism? 3. Would you like to live in a fascist country? Why or why not?

Problems after WWI (Italy) Few territorial gains Rising inflation Unemployment Italians wanted a leader to take action

Benito Mussolini Founded the Fascist Party in 1919 Popularity increase when the economy suffers Promises to revive the economy and rebuild the army Attacks on Socialists and Communists People are scared of a worker’s revolt Middle class, aristocracy, industrial leaders support Mussolini

Think-Write-Pair-Share Why does Mussolini’s popularity increase? Who supports him?

Benito Mussolini 1922 – 30,000 Fascists march on Rome and demand King Victor Emmanuel III put Mussolini in charge Mussolini becomes Il Duce (the leader) Gets rid of democracy and all political parties Secret police Censorship of radio and publications No strikes Not as much control as Stalin and Hitler

Think-Write-Pair-Share How did Mussolini maintain control?

Hitler (Germany) Receives Iron Cross in WWI Moves to Munich and joins the National Socialists German Workers’ Party (Nazi) German type of fascism = Nazism Germany should overcome the Treaty of Versailles and fight Communism Private militia = storm troopers

Hitler der Fuhrer (the leader) Hitler attempts to seize power in Munich (1923) 5 year prison sentence for treason Write Mein Kampf (My Struggle) “Aryans” = master race Jews, Slavs, Gypsies were inferior Versailles Treaty was not fair Lebensraum = living space (Germany was overcrowded)

Hitler Mostly ignored until the Great Depression American loans stop and German economy collapses Germans are frightened and confused Hitler promises security and strong leadership

Assignment In groups of 3 complete Guided Reading Ch. 15 Section 3 Page 477

Hitler Becomes Chancellor (1933) Conservative leaders advise President Paul von Hindenburg to name Hitler chancellor A fire destroys the Reichstag building (parliament) and the Communist Party is blamed Nazi Party wins parliament elections Hitler bans all other political parties SS and Gestapo kills or arrests his enemies Banned strikes Constructed factories, built highways, made weapons

Hitler Becomes Chancellor Propaganda on radios, painting, literature Books going against Nazi beliefs are burned Hitler Youth Anti-Semitism = Hatred of Jews Blamed for all of Germany’s problems after WWI Jews are deprived of their legal rights Nov. 9, 1938 – Nazi mobs attacked Jews (Kristallnacht)

Assignment - Kristallnacht In groups of 3 Read the document independently Discuss and answer questions as a group Discuss as a class

Justification Paragraph Which events and factors contributed to Hitler’s belief in an extreme form of German nationalism? 1. State your claim - Provide at least two factors - “One factor that contributed to Hitler’s belief in an extreme form of German nationalism was ……..” 2. Cite evidence for each claim - “The reason ……………. contributed was because ……………..” 3. Support evidence with academic language – “As a result of ……..” “If …….. then ……..” “This was a cause or effect of ……..” 4. Use content vocabulary (at least 3) – Treaty of Versailles, anti-Semitism, Aryan, reparation payments, Mein Kampf, pogroms, nationalism, Germanic, opera,