M.Rich, RN, BSN https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rMcg9YzNSEs Muscular System M.Rich, RN, BSN https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rMcg9YzNSEs

Standard 8 Outline the gross and cellular anatomy and physiology of the musculoskeletal, neurological, and cardiovascular systems. Review the gross anatomy of the other systems studied in previous courses.

Objective Function of Muscles Types of Muscles Major Skeletal Muscles

WHAT DO OUR MUSCLES DO? OUR MUSCLES: • Enable us to move our body parts. • Give us our individual shape. • Protect and keep in place our abdominal organs. • Enable us to maintain good posture. • Help in the circulation of our blood. • Generate body heat when they contract. THERE ARE OVER 600 SKELETAL MUSCLES IN THE BODY- 150 IN THE HEAD AND NECK.

3 Types of Muscle 3 TYPES OF MUSCLE 1. Skeletal: Attaches to bone & allows for movement 2. Smooth: Found in the walls of the stomach, intestines, and blood vessels. Helps materials move through these structures 3. Cardiac: Makes the heart beat to send blood to the body.

Cardiac Muscle Cardiac is a special type of involuntary Muscle. It is ONLY found in the heart. It contracts regularly, continuously and without tiring. It works automatically but is under constant nervous and chemical control.

Smooth Muscles or INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES These muscles work automatically – they are not under our conscious control. e.g. Muscles of the digestive system.

SKELETAL or VOLUNTARY MUSCLES They are under our conscious control. This means we instruct them to perform everyday actions such as walking, running and jumping.

Major Skeletal Muscles Deltoid Biceps Abdominals ( 4 muscles) Quadriceps (4 muscles) Pectorals Latissimus dorsi Trapezius Triceps Gluteals (3 muscles) Hamstrings (3 muscles) Gastrocnemius

Muscle Main Action Deltoid Raises your arm sideways at the shoulder Biceps Bends your arm at the elbow Abdominals Pull in your abdomen. Flex your trunk so you can bend forward Quadriceps Straighten your leg at the knee and keep it straight when you stand Pectorals Raises your arm at the shoulder. Draws it across your chest Latissimus dorsi Pulls your arm down at the shoulder. Draws it behind your back Trapezius Holds and rotates your shoulders. Moves your head back and sideways Triceps Straightens your arm at the elbow Gluteals Pull your leg back at the hip. Raise it sideways at the hip. Gluteus maximus is the biggest. Hamstrings Bend your leg at the knee Gastrocnemius Straightens the ankle joint so you can stand on tiptoes

Muscular Contraction: How Muscles Work Muscles only PULL , not PUSH Muscles work only through contraction. Muscles work in PAIRS

Muscles work in pairs

HOW DO MUSCLES WORK TOGETHER? Muscles can only contract. If one muscle contracts to bring two bones together another muscle is need to Contract to bring the bones apart again. e.g. a bicep curl So, MUSCLES ALWAYS WORK IN PAIRS We need large numbers of pairs of muscles to work together in different ways for even simple body movements. Our muscles take on different roles depending on the movement they are performing.

Work our muscles – Take 5 minutes to think of an exercise to share with class. Deltoid (Adyson and Kirsten) Biceps and Gluteals (3 muscles) (Ashlyn and Alex) Abdominals ( 4 muscles) (Rachel and Parker) Quadriceps (4 muscles) (Lakyn and Emily) Pectorals (Wiley and Mason) Latissimus dorsi and Gastrocnemius(Ben and Hailey) Trapezius (Carson and Kayla) Triceps and Hamstrings (3 muscles) (Courtney and Elsayed)

Label Muscle Man Color each muscle a different color