The English Reformation

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The English Reformation

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Presentation transcript:

The English Reformation Henry VIII to Elizabeth the Great, and the formation of the Anglican Church

Prince Arthur of Wales (1486-1502) Wife: Catherine of Aragon Catholic Union of Spain and England Catherine married to next son, Henry Political implications, HUGE dowry

King Henry VIII (r. 1509-1547) “Defender of the Faith” King Henry VIII & Catherine Daughter: Mary 1529 – Annulment request

European Politics Intervene 1529 – Rome sacked by Charles V Pope Clement VII: prisoner of Emperor Charles V Catherine of Aragon: Charles V’s aunt The Princess Mary: Charles V’s cousin Annulment unacceptable

King Henry VIII’s Wives 1530’s – King Henry VIII declares himself head of the church Opposition beheaded (Thomas Moore) Queen #2: Anne Boleyn, no male heir Daughter: Elizabeth Queen #3: Jane Seymour died in child birth son: Edward 3 more wives

The English Reformation Theologically conservative Confession, clerical celibacy, transubstantiation 1535-1539 –Henry: Pope, Protector of Faith in England The First Act of Supremacy (1534) 1536  The Pilgrimage of Grace Ireland remained loyal to Catholicism England had little control over Ireland Increased tension/ conflict

Edward & Mary King Edward VI (r. 1547 – 1553) Queen Mary (1553- 1558) Protestantism spread The Book of Common Prayer (1549) Queen Mary (1553- 1558) Devout Catholic Husband: Phillip II of Spain Executed several hundred protestants (Bloody Mary) Several thousand English protestants fled the island

Queen Elizabeth I (r. 1558-1603) 1558: Catholics vs. Protestants Returning Exiles: eliminate all Catholicism, Purify the Church Puritans The Elizabethan Religious Settlement The 2nd Act of Supremacy (1559) The Act of Uniformity (1559) “supreme Governor of the Church of England”

The Anglican Church Service in English Monasteries not re- established Clergy allowed to marry Remained hierarchical(archbishops /bishops) Upheld many Catholic traditions

The Spanish Threat Late 15th Century Phillip II of Spain Mary Queen of Scots Executed due to assassination plot, backed by Phillip II Pope urged Phillip to retaliate May 9, 1588: The Spanish Armada