Elements, Compounds & Mixtures

Topic: Purse Substances and Mixtures Essential Questions: How can you differentiate between elements and compounds? How can you differentiate between a homogeneous mixture (solution) and a heterogeneous mixture?

Elements and Compounds Study Jams Video http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/matter/elements-and-compounds.htm

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space (volume) There are different types of Matter: Pure Substances (elements and compounds) and Mixtures

Types of Pure Substances: Elements And Compounds

Sample of the Element Lead Sample of the Element Chlorine Elements Made up of one type of atom Cannot be broken down by physical and chemical methods Examples: Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon Sample of the Element Lead Sample of the Element Chlorine

Compounds A compound is a pure substance composed of 2 or more elements that are chemically combined. Can be separated only by chemical methods Examples: Water, Carbon dioxide, Sugar

Hydrogen (H) + Oxygen (O) Examples of Compounds Sodium (Na) + Chlorine (Cl) NaCl Hydrogen (H) + Oxygen (O) H2O Carbon (C) + Oxygen (O) CO2

Mixtures Study Jams Video http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/matter/mixtures.htm

Mixtures A mixture is a combination of 2 or more substances that are not chemically combined. Can be separated by physical methods They also contain elements, compounds, or both and they can be formed using any ratio of components.

Mixture of Different Elements Mixture of Different Compounds Mixtures Mixture of Different Elements Mixture of Different Compounds

Examples of Mixtures Properties of Mixtures: chicken noodle soup salad pizza – yes, that would be Yoda… Properties of Mixtures: Each substance in a mixture keeps its identity You can physically separate them

Mixtures are often referred to as homogeneous or heterogeneous.

Mixtures may be homogeneous or heterogeneous The prefix “homo” indicates the same Homogeneous mixtures have the same appearance and properties throughout the mixture. Example: tea, perfume, air The prefix “hetero” indicates difference Heterogeneous mixtures consist of visibly different substances Ex: salad, oil and vinegar salad dressing

There are THREE types of mixtures: Solutions Suspensions Colloids

Solutions A solution is a mixture that appears to be a single substance, but it is actually composed of 2 or more substances that are distributed evenly amongst each other. SOLUTIONS ARE HOMOGENEOUS sugar & Kool-Aid powder are dissolved in water carbon dioxide is dissolved in water salt is dissolved in water

Suspensions A suspension is a mixture in which particles of a material are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas, but are large enough that they settle out. SUSPENSIONS ARE HETEROGENEOUS That water is disgusting! muddy water Italian dressing

Colloids A colloid is a mixture in which the particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out. COLLOIDS ARE HOMOGENEOUS Colloids have properties of both solutions & suspensions. mayonnaise milk