Chapter 3 Expansion and Establishment

Beginning of Slavery… & Atlantic Slave Trade…

The Need for a Labor Force European disease had a devastating effects on Native Americans. ________________________________________ Millions of Native American would die because of diseases. EX:1492 Hispaniola 1 Million Natives 1548 - 500 Natives left! EX: 1492 Central America 10 Million 1548 less than 1 Million Natives left! Most Europeans were ____________________. Natural Resistance

The Need for a Labor Force Drop in Native America population would call for an “_____________________” Plantations were the main farming culture for European nations. A reliance on large numbers of forced laborers to support economic system! Sugar and Tobacco

The Slave Trade 1510 ________________Government legalizes the sale of “African” slaves in its colonies. 1518 First “______________” slaves arrive to the America’s. Over the next century over (1 Million) African slaves would be brought to the “New World” by Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, and English.

Most slaves were captured in the _________________of Africa. The Slave Trade Most slaves were captured in the _________________of Africa. Often by other Africans looking to make a profit. Captives were chained around their necks and marched to the coasts. 1,000 mile trips! African slaves would eventually be put on ships and begin the “_________________________” A voyage across the Atlantic Ocean that enslaved Africans were forces to endure.

_____ in _____ African Slaves Middle Passage The “Middle Passage” was the voyage across the Atlantic Ocean that slave were forced to endure. Africans were packed like cargo into the lower decks of ships. Chained and Crammed into small spaces. 3 Ft High!!!!! _____ in _____ African Slaves survived the voyage!

African Diaspora 1520 – 1860 ________Million Africans were shipped across the Atlantic. 1 – 6 Survived, how many died? African ________________ The scattering of enslaved Africans all across the “New World.” 4 Million – Brazil 2 Million – New Spain 3 Million – British/French 3 Million – North America All the slaves were forced to work… Mines or Plantations!

Slaves Received Harsh Penalties for Minor Offenses Rules and Regulations Colonial leaders across the Americas developed laws the regulated slaves. Few __________ Considered Property Slaves Received Harsh Penalties for Minor Offenses Owners could not be charged for treatment of slaves… ____________

Chapter 3 – Expansion and Establishment pp. 35-38 Each region developed a distinct ______________because of its inhabitants.

The Colonists Spread Out Chapter 3 – Expansion and Establishment pp. 35-38 The Colonists Spread Out ___________________- undeveloped area at the edge of settled areas Settlers followed rivers inland. Wilderness trails ________________Road: the main north-south highway ______________Road via the Cumberland Gap

Different regions produced different products. Chapter 3 – Expansion and Establishment pp. 38-42 With the increase in the _________________of the colonies came growth in the economy. Different regions produced different products. factors affecting economy: __________________________________________________________________

______% of colonists were farmers Chapter 3 – Expansion and Establishment pp. 38-42 ___________________farmers: raised just enough crops and livestock to provide for their families (the majority of colonists) ______% of colonists were farmers Colonist depended on their own land and nearby land for food.

The ______________Colonies- least English, diverse Chapter 3 – Expansion and Establishment pp. 38-42 The ______________Colonies- least English, diverse had many navigable rivers dominated by fertile soil and coastal plains- grew cereal grains (bread colonies) fur industry developed by western settlers

____________________- large farms Very few industries Chapter 3 – Expansion and Establishment pp. 38-42 The Southern Colonies _________________- primary activity due to rich soil and long growing season ____________________- large farms Very few industries

The Southern Colonies _____________ - wide coastal plain along coast rivers and inlets, used for farmland “____________”- foothills of the Appalachian Mountains where subsistence farmers lived

the largest food crop in the colonies Chapter 3 – Expansion and Establishment pp. 38-42 ____________Crops tobacco rice indigo __________ the largest food crop in the colonies

p. 42 Triangular Trade Products that passed between the Americas, Europe, and Africa

Many colonists hoped to convert the Indians to _____________. Mission to the Indians Many colonists hoped to convert the Indians to _____________. Most _________________felt that the Indians were inferior and uncivilized.

1st person to print the Bible in America. Mission to the Indians ___________________ 1st person to print the Bible in America. Established “__________________” - Indians who had become Christians lived in these towns to learn about European law, manners, & town life.

____________________ Chapter 3 – Expansion and Establishment pp. 43-45 ____________________ primary cause: Indians were threatened by the growing number of colonists and were angered by the loss of land and power.

Resulted in the capture and slavery of many Indians Chapter 3 – Expansion and Establishment pp. 43-45 ______________War: Puritans attacked the Pequot tribe over the murder of two colonists. Resulted in the capture and slavery of many Indians