1. The Lasting Impact of Europeans: Religion, Language and Slavery

2. a. Describe the influence of African slavery on the development of the Americas.

3. Slavery in the Americas
Shortage of labor in Americas led to beginning of Atlantic slave trade.
Farmers and plantation owners first used Native Americans; European diseases and warfare killed millions of Native Americans.
Workers were still needed on sugar, tobacco, and other types of plantations which brought about the Africa slave trade in the Americas.

4. Between the 1500s and the 1800s, 10 – 20 millions of Africans were captured, shipped across the Atlantic Ocean, and sold as slaves in the Americas.

5. Were you paying attention??!!
Why did European rulers bring Africans to the New World?
Shortage of labor
diseases and warfare killed millions of Native Americans
Workers were still needed plantations
What is the estimated number of Africans who were captured, shipped across the Atlantic Ocean, and sold as slaves in the Americas?
10 – 20 million

6. 10 to 20 Million Enslaved Brazil Spanish Empire Caribbean
North America
.5 – 1 million

8. Seriously, you need to pay attention!!
From which region were most African slaves taken?
Western Africa
Which colony imported the most African slaves?
Brazil

9. Triangular Slave Trade

10. Encomienda System

11. What was the Encomienda System?
Encomienda system – a grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers.

12. SOCIAL HIERARCHY Who had the most power? The least?
Peninsulares:
Native Spaniards
Criolles:
People of pure
European blood
But born in the
New World P C
Mulattos:
African +
European blood
Mestizoes
Indian +
European
blood M M
I & A
Indians and Africans
CAUSES

13. Who had the most power? Who had the least power?

14. Distribution of land, wealth, privileges
Top social class – Peninsulares granted large estates called haciendas where they could grow crops, raise cattle and other farm animals for sale of products/trade
Peninsulares were identified as Spanish Born, from Spanish Parents (pure bloods from the home country)
Were only ones who could hold high public office (mayor, etc)

15. Give me some facts about the Peninsulares

16. Distribution of land, wealth, privileges
Second class below the Peninsulares were the Criollos (Creoles)
They were of pure Spanish Blood but were born in New Spain (Mexico) rather than in Spain.
Could not hold the same level of public office and were not granted the Haciendas from the king, but could inherit the land from their parents if they were Peninsulares

17. Give me some facts about the Criollos (Creoles)

18. Lower classes Mestizos - Mixed blood of European and a Native Indian
Because they had some “pure blood” they were considered above any “non-pure-blood” person.
These were the working class people of the society, mainly in small towns and communities.
Mulattos – Mixed blood of European and an African Slaves
Not the lowest place in society because they were not purely slave

19. Give me some facts about the Mestizos
Give me some facts about the Mulattos

20. Lowest Class
Captured Aztec, other Native Indian Tribes, and Slaves from Africa
Used for labor with essentially no rights
Under Encomienda System, “labor” was to be treated fairly, with shelter, food, and living supplies but rarely was fair
Spain wanted to reduce any chance of over- throw by rebellious groups

21. Give me some facts about the slaves and indigenous people (Native Americans)

22. Peninsulares Creoles Mestizos Mulattos Native Indians Black Slaves
Based on Blood and
birth location
Peninsulares
Creoles
Granted land, political office
and voting rights
Inherit land, still considered
upper class
Mestizos
Mulattos
No inheritance
Lowest of the middle class
No rights
whatsoever
No rights whatsoever
Native Indians
Black Slaves

23. b. Describe the influence of the Spanish and the Portuguese on the language and religions of Latin America.

24. Spread of Culture
As result of slave trade, people of African descent spread throughout Americas and Western Europe
Spread called African Diaspora
Eventually led to spread of African culture —music, art, religion, food — throughout the Western World
Slaves and other ethnic groups blended

25. Languages of Latin America
The term Latin America refers to the origin of the languages Spanish and Portuguese from Ancient Roman Empire.
These languages are spoken widely throughout Latin America as a result of European colonization of the region.

26. There are two main languages spoken throughout Latin America
Portuguese- Brazil
Spanish- in most other countries

28. What are the two major languages in Latin America?
Spanish and Portuguese.
Portuguese is the official language of Brazil
What is the major religion in Latin America?
Roman Catholicism