Reinforcement Schedules

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Reinforcement Schedules

Reinforcement Schedules Pattern that defines how often a desired response will be reinforced Ratio refers to the number of responses that are required before the reward is given. Interval refers to the amount of time between rewards.

Continuous Reinforcement Reward following every correct response Best used for establishing a behavior Extinction occurs quickly Examples? Quick Acquisition Quick Extinction Partial Reinforcement Rewards follow only some responses Initial learning is slower. Greater resistance to extension Four schedules: Fixed-interval, Variable-interval, Fixed-ratio and Variable-ratio

Variable-Ratio Schedule Fixed-Ratio Schedule Reinforces a response only after a specified number of responses. Example: One reinforce for 30 responses Variable-Ratio Schedule Reinforces after an unpredictable number of responses Most effective Example: gambling, hunting

Reinforcement Schedules

Fixed-ratio Schedules Example: I give cookie monster a cookie every FIVE times he sings “C is for cookie”.

Variable-ratio Schedule Example: I give Homer a donut at random times when he says “DOH!!!”

Fixed-Interval Schedule Reinforcement that reinforces a response only after a specified time has elapsed. Example: Weekly paycheck Variable-Interval Schedule Reinforcement that strengthens a response at unpredictable time intervals Example: Pop Quizzes

Fixed-interval Schedule Example: I give Bart a Butterfinger every ten minutes after he moons someone.

Variable-interval Schedule Boss checking your work

Schedules of Reinforcement: Questions to Ask 1. What is the behavior and what is the reinforcer? 2. Is the behavior reinforced every time? That's continuous. 3. Does the reinforcement vary by time or by number? That’s intermittent/partial reinf. time = interval number = ratio 4. Does the schedule stay the same or change? stays the same = fixed changes = variable