Historic Foreign Policy Decisions Coach Lott Ch. 22,25

Monroe Doctrine The Monroe Doctrine was a US foreign policy regarding Latin American countries in the early 19th century. It stated that further efforts by European nations to colonize land or interfere with states in North or South America would be viewed as acts of aggression, requiring U.S. intervention. At the same time, the doctrine noted that the United States would neither interfere with existing European colonies nor meddle in the internal concerns of European countries. Spain, Portugal, France Isolated the New World from the Old World

Manifest Destiny In the 19th century, Manifest Destiny was the widely held belief in the United States that American settlers were destined to expand throughout the continent. U.S, Mexico, England U.S expanded its territory from the Atlantic to the Pacific.

Open-Door Policy The policy proposed to keep China open to trade with all countries on an equal basis; thus, no international power would have total control of the country. China, U.S, Britain, France, Germany, Russia, and Japan China would ultimately close its doors to others and become a Communist country until recently when they have been trading with many more nations including the U.S.

Roosevelt Corollary The corollary states that the United States will intervene in conflicts between European countries and Latin American countries to enforce legitimate claims of the European powers, rather than having the Europeans press their claims directly. ( We will police this entire hemisphere) U.S. , Western Europe Further Isolated the U.S. and Western Europe

Wilsonianism Advocacy of the spread of democracy Advocacy of the spread of capitalism Opposition to isolationism and non-interventionism Pro-imperialism, In favor of intervention to further national self-interest. U.S, Germany, Western Europe During and after WWI. Move from isolationism to internationalism.

Marshall Plan The Marshall Plan was the American initiative to aid Europe, in which the United States gave $17 billion (approximately $160 billion in 2014 dollars) in economic support to help rebuild European economies after the end of World War II in order to prevent the spread of Soviet Communism. Western European Countries (mostly Britain, France, and West Germany) Continue Internationalism. Mostly economic plan but similar efforts are used today in most of our foreign conflicts.

Truman Doctrine The Truman Doctrine was a U.S. policy to stop Soviet expansion during the Cold War. United States President Harry S. Truman pledged to contain communism in Europe and elsewhere and impelled the US to support any nation with both military and economic aid if its stability was threatened by communism or the Soviet Union. The Truman Doctrine became the foundation of the president's foreign policy and placed the U.S. in the role of global policeman. U.S. and Soviet Union Created policy of Containment ( led to Korean War, Vietnam War.)

Eisenhower Doctrine Under the Eisenhower Doctrine, a Middle Eastern country could request American economic assistance or aid from U.S. military forces if it was being threatened by armed aggression from another state. U.S. (United Nations), Soviet Union U.S. becomes concern about the flow of oil out of this region. Still a concern today.

Mutual Assured Destruction Mutual assured destruction, or mutually assured destruction (MAD), is a doctrine of military strategy and national security policy in which a full-scale use of high-yield weapons of mass destruction by two or more opposing sides would cause the complete annihilation of both the attacker and the defender. U.S. and Soviet Union (Cold War) Created concept of deterrence. ( Neither side will use nuclear weapons if they know the other side will also.)

Bush (Obama) Doctrine The Bush Doctrine includes the policy of preventive war, which held that the United States should depose foreign regimes that represented a potential threat to the security of the United States, even if that threat was not immediate; a policy of spreading democracy around the world, especially in the Middle East, as a strategy for combating terrorism; and a willingness to unilaterally pursue U.S. military interests. U.S., Middle East, Any terrorists group. Concept of preemption.