Bioinformatics and BLAST

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Presentation transcript:

Bioinformatics and BLAST Nasrin Mirzaei

What is BLAST? BLAST® (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) is a set of similarity search programs designed to explore all of the available sequence databases regardless of whether the query is protein or DNA. “local” means it searches and aligns sequence segments, rather than align the entire sequence. It’s able to detect relationships among sequences which share only isolated regions of similarity. Currently, it is the most popular and most accepted sequence analysis tool.

Why BLAST? Identify unknown sequences - The best way to identify an unknown sequence is to see if that sequence already exists in a public database. If the database sequence is a well-characterized sequence, then you may have access to a wealth of biological information. Help gene/protein function and structure prediction – genes with similar sequences tend to share similar functions or structure. Identify protein family – group related genes and their proteins into a family. And more …

Basic BLAST programs and databases In 6 frames blastx Translated Protein Sequence Nucleotide Sequence Protein blastn blastp tblastx tblastn Nucleotide DB Protein DB Translated DB (contain amino acid sequences) In 6 frames