The 1970s Nixon Ford Carter

Read “The Feminists” Read the article and create a timeline Identify important people using key words/phrases When, who, what?

1971 Betty Friedan March for ERA

Betty Friedan, 1970

Phyllis Schlafly: Pro - Life Anti-feminist

The Seventies The Rise and Fall of Richard Nixon (1968-74) Domestic Policies: mixed New Federalism – reduce the size and power of the federal government – power, funds, and responsibility will flow from Washington to the people. Revenue sharing –federal government distributesd tax revenues to states and local govts. To spend as they see fit. Popular with conservatives

Stagflation – 1970s Stagnant economy + rapid inflation Unemployment rose as in a normal recession but prices also increased at alarming rate 1973 - Energy crisis – oil embargo against the U.S.

Nixon’s Foreign Policy Record Realpolitik – Henry Kissinger top foreign policy adviser, backed pragmatic approach 1969, Nixon Doctrine – countries do more to help themselves: follows the Vietnamization of war in Vietnam Support for Israel – oil embargo following Yom Kippur War Détente with Soviet Union and China Opens diplomatic relations with China 1972 – historic visit to China SALT – Arms Limitation Treaty, 1971 Salt I

Nixon and Kissinger Open up China

Watergate’s Legacy 1972 break-in – resignation in 1974 1. Showed that no one is above the law 2. Damaged confidence in the presidency 3. Scandals lost their power to shock us 4. Increased the power of the press – no holds barred as before

Gerald Ford (1974-76) 1974 - Gerald Ford president OPEC raises oil prices Ford –WIN, Whip Inflation Now, ineffective High unemployment rate 1976 – Jimmy Carter (Washington outsider) Emphasized human rights – foreign policy priority in in contrast to realpolitik of Nixon

Jimmy Carter 1976 -1980 1976 – Jimmy Carter (Washington outsider) Emphasized human rights – foreign policy priority in in contrast to realpolitik of Nixon 1978 – Treaty, returns control of Panama Canal to Panama in 1999 1978 – Camp David Accords, Jimmy Carter – a peace agreement between Egypt and Israel Death of détente between U.S. and U.S.S.R.; 1979 Soviets march on Afghanistan 1979 – 1981, Hostage crisis in Iran

US SUPREME COURT WARREN COURT (CIVIL / PRIVATE LIBERTIES) 1962 - 63, School District of Abington Township v. Schempp 1963, Gideon v. Wainright 1964 Escobedo and Miranda 1964, New York Times v. Sullivan 1965, Griswold v. Connecticut 1969, WARREN BURGER COURT (By 1971- Nixon appointed four conservatives to the court) 1973, Roe v. Wade 1973, Allan Bakke v. University of California 1989, Webster decision *In bold: Cases that have come up on the exam!* Let’s take a look at each one now! Issue and result (using key words and phrases)

1970 Milestones - Environmentalism 1970 – First Earth Day celebration – a new environmental movement: awareness / legislation 1972 – Clean Water Act; 1974 – Safe Drinking Water Act EPA: acid rain source water pollution; cars have to reduce pollution 1978 Three Mile island accident - nuclear generating station 1987 Love Canal water – New York state, a chemical waste dump – high cancer death rate ZPG – Zero Population Growth founded in 1968 – two children Population ages and moves south from Rustbelt to Sunbelt – baby bust / retirement boom Growing gender equality in workplace & politics

1970s “Vietnamization” policy 1970, invasion of Cambodia; Kent State + Jackson State 1970, EPA created, Clean Air Act 1973, Endangered Species Act 1971, Pentagon Papers – Daniel Ellsworth 1973-1974, Watergate Scandals and Nixon’s resignation 1974, Ford assumes the presidency 1976-1980 Jimmy Carter defeats Ford 1978, Camp David agreement 1979, Iranian Revolution; 1979-81 Iranian hostage crisis 1980, Ronald Reagan elected president