CH 18 - Progressivism on the National Stage How well did Presidents Roosevelt, Taft,and Wilson promote progressive goals in national policies?

Three Progressive Presidents Americans began to change their views on the government and president. All 3 progressive president expanded the power of the presidency. Teddy Roosevelt became president after McKinley was assassinated. passion for physical fitness Impulsive Very good politician Believed that businesses, workers, and consumers should all receive fair and honest treatment Square Deal, focused on regulating big business and protecting workers and consumers.

Three Progressive Presidents Believed the country needed a strong president Thought that presidential power should be used to benefit all Americans Served two terms

Three Progressive Presidents Roosevelt confident that Taft would continue his reform program Quiet and reserved Cautious Fought to limit power of corporations Added land to forest reserve However, Progressives wanted lower tariffs on imported goods. but in 1909 he agreed to sign a bill that raised tariffs Tarnished his record as a progressive

Three Progressive Presidents Election of 1912 Roosevelt ran again for a third party “Bull Moose party” Republican candidate was Taft Split between the two made it easy for Woodrow Wilson to win Wilson Had idea for New Freedom, a plan to eliminate all trusts, because he felt they were hurting small business Unsuccessful First president since Washington to speak in front of congress, promoting bills and reforms

Addressing Effects of Industrialization Roosevelt began the progressive trustbusting movement. Sherman Anti-Trust Act believed that government should regulate monopolies Sometimes he had to break up trusts rather than regulate them. reputation as a trustbuster. limited the power of railroads to set shipping rates

Addressing Effects of Industrialization Taft supported a stricter interpretation of the Sherman Act. he prosecuted any trusts that had the effect of limiting trade, regardless of intent. Wilson took even stronger action by making it harder to form trusts to form and to squeeze out competition. protected labor unions from antitrust regulation. Created the Federal Trade Commission

Protecting Consumers and Workers Roosevelt passed the Pure food and Drug Act, establishing the food and drug administration to test and approve drugs before the went on the market. Also passed the Meat Inspection Act Improved working conditions for coal miners Taft Children's Bureau - investigate the welfare of children Wilson Ban on child labor for interstate commerce (10 percent of children in labor force)

Protecting the Environment Roosevelt Preservationist (protection from development) U.S. Forest Service Set aside 150 million acres Taft 2.7 million acres to National Wildlife Refuge Sold some open land to developers Wilson National Park Service Yellowstone, first park Preservationists supported tourism to parks

Reforming the National Government Reforming the Banking System Wilson helped create the Federal Reserve System, the central bank of the U.S. It manages the nation's money supply, making the financial system much more stable. Reforming Taxes Taft and congress proposed the 16th amendment, allowing the federal government to impose income tax. Ratified under Wilson Graduated income tax Those with more pay more

Reforming the National Government Electing Senators 17th Amendment, direct election of senators by popular vote. Giving average citizens more influence in the senate. Legislating Morals: Prohibition Most advocates for prohibition were women Argued alcohol mad men unable to support their wives and children Wilson supported amendment after U.S. entered WWI 18th amendment, manufacture, sale, or transportation of liquor is illegal

Reforming the National Government Women’s Suffrage 19th amendment, gave women the right to vote