Covalent Nomenclature

Naming Molecules Covalent compounds are named using prefixes to designate the number of atoms in the molecule. Example: N2O4 Dinitrogen tetraoxide Prefix needed if first Element is more than One atom + name of element Prefix indicating # of atoms + root name of Element + ide

PREFIXES CCl4 As2O3 CO SO2 NF3 # of atoms Prefix 1 Mono- 2 Di- 3 Tri- Tetra- 5 Penta- 6 Hexa- 7 Hepta- 8 Octa- 9 Nona- 10 Deca- Name the following compounds: CCl4 As2O3 CO SO2 NF3

Types of covalent bonds POLAR VS. NON-POLAR Types of covalent bonds

Electronegativity The ability of an atom to attract electrons. Each element on the periodic table has a specific electronegativity value.

Non-Polar Covalent Bonds A covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally. When atoms have 0-0.3 difference in electronegativities. Examples: H-B, Cl-Cl, Cl-Br

Polar Covalent Bonds Occur when there is an unequal sharing of electrons between atoms in a covalent bond. When atoms have 0.31-1.7 difference in electronegativities. Examples: H-O, C-O, C-Cl

Partial Charge Indicate which atom is more electronegative. Show where the electrons reside more.

PRACTICE 1. Predict the type of bond that will form between the following atoms: C and Se C and H Na and S N and N Li and O B and O

Identify the bond types and the label the partial charges for the following molecules: N2 C2H4 SF2