Urbanization: The Growth of Cities What effects did the growth of cities have on the people of Europe?
What were the Patterns of Urban Growth? Pre-Industrial Era 1500 – 1750 Growth of established cities… location is key Capitals and ports London, Paris, Berlin & St. Petersburg Industrial Era 1750 + Growth of newer, industrial based cities Manchester, Lyon
Why did industrial cities grow? Agricultural Revolution led to rise of new market towns Population of Europe increased New factories located in newer cities Population pursues new jobs
How did social class develop in urban areas? Upper Class Lived separated…political power, $$, nobles Middle Class or Bourgeoisie Live in urban areas…business, professions Socially mobile, ambitious, reform minded, consumers, driven to improve their lot Artisans or Shopkeepers Lived above shops…conservative, skills, guild-based Working Poor or Working Class Lived by rivers & older areas Crime, substance abuse, prostitution, poorly educated
What were the social problems caused by rapid urbanization? Class tension over power & rich-poor gap Poor housing & overcrowding Poor sanitation & disease Poor water quality High crime Destructive social behaviors Riots…Need-based & Political…
How were the Jewish people treated? Lived mostly in Eastern Europe Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine… “Resident Alien” status… outsiders Religious beliefs, rituals, separation Treated with suspicion & discrimination Ghetto = Separate Community By choice & by necessity
Urbanization: The Growth of Cities LEQ Quick: Discuss the positive and negative effects the growth of cities had on the people of 18th c. Europe