BR: Industrial Revolution 1750-1900 Construct a definition for “Industrial Revolution” using the picture below and inferring from the individual words of the term. Include specific details as to what the term means.

Chapters 19 & 21 The Industrial Revolution

Industry = Commercial production and sale of goods Revolution= A sudden change

Industrial Revolution A period of time between 1750 & 1900 where there were significant increases in technology that allowed for mass production of goods which resulted in a major change in society and culture throughout the world

Chronology: The Industrial Revolution 1750-1900 1807 First successful steamship “Clermont” 1844 Robert Morse makes first electric telegraph 1821 Faraday makes first electric motor 1762 James Watt invents Steam Engine in England

Geography The Industrial Revolution took place all over the world in countries such as Britain, Germany, Japan, France, and the U.S.

Industrial Revolution Why Britain? Great Britain's Advantages Labor Supply Natural Resources Investment Capital Entrepreneurs Transportation Markets Government Support

How it Began The invention of the steam engine by Englishman James Watt in 1765. A new power source that did not require wind or water power.

New Inventions Mechanical Drill and Horse-Drawn Hoe: Jethro Tull New Iron Making Process, “Bessemer Process”: Henry Bessemer Steam Engine: James Watt Cotton Gin: Eli Whitney

Social Impact of Industrialization Urbanization – growth of cities Problems with urbanization: New Social Classes Emerge Industrial Middle Class Industrial Working Class Factory life = Harsh conditions Long Hours No Safety Standards No representation/protection: labor unions outlawed Women and children in factories

New Economic Theories Emerge Economics of Industrialization Laissez-faire (Adam Smith): Hands-off approach by government Socialism: People control means of production Attempt at a Utopian Society – Robert Owen Communism (Karl Marx): Extension of Socialism, Classless Society Communist Manifesto Problems with Communism

Other Nations Industrialize Britain was the first to Industrialize Belgium follows U.S., France and Germany next Some nations don’t industrialize Russia, Saudi Arabia Competition spurs between nations Nations compete for markets Asian Markets (China) Open Door Policy

New Technologies Arise Transportation Alfred Nobel - dynamite Thomas Edison – electric light bulb Samuel Morse – telegraph & morse code Alexander Graham Bell - telephone Guglielmo Marconi - radio Orville and Wilbur Wright

Rise of the Cities Population Explosion Changes to Cities Advances in Medicine contributes Pasteurization – Louis Pasteur Cure for Tuberculosis – Robert Koch Changes to Cities Paved Streets, street lights, organized police, sewage systems, running water, skyscrapers Labor Unions Grow Workers’ Rights Increase, Strikes Standard of Living Improves