November 18 May 2009 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: GFSK PHY proposal for Smart Utility Networks Date Submitted: May 10, 2009 Source: Henk de Ruijter, Ping Xiong and Péter Onódy Silicon Laboratories Inc. Contact: Henk de Ruijter, Silicon Laboratories Inc. Voice: +1 650 623 9155 , E-Mail: hendricus.deruijter@silabs.com Re: TG4g Call for proposals Abstract: PHY proposal towards TG4g Purpose: PHY proposal for the TG4g PHY amendment Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. Slide 1 Henk de Ruijter Page 1

Overview Main PHY parameters Why GFSK? USA specifics EU specifics November 18 May 2009 Overview Main PHY parameters Why GFSK? USA specifics EU specifics Japan specifics China specifics Frequency tolerance Slide 2 Henk de Ruijter Page 2

Main PHY parameters Modulation type: GFSK Modulation index: 0.75 November 18 May 2009 Main PHY parameters Modulation type: GFSK Modulation index: 0.75 BT factor: 0.5 Data rate: 40 and 100 kbps depending on local regulations (single data rate per region) Data whitening: PN9 according to 802.15.4d 64 bit preamble supporting Antenna Diversity 16 and 32 bit CRC depending on payload length Slide 3 Henk de Ruijter Page 3

November 18 May 2009 Why GFSK? Lower adjacent channel emission than FSK complying to local regulations No linear amplifier needed as appose to BPSK/OQPSK Low complexity in the modem serving low cost endpoints. Proven technology for FHSS regulations Proven technology for Meter reading Slide 4 Henk de Ruijter Page 4

Data whitening and Modulation May 2009 Data whitening and Modulation Same as 15.4d[5] : Slide 5 Henk de Ruijter

Data whitening same as 15.4d[5] May 2009 Data whitening same as 15.4d[5] Seed = “111111111” For details see [5] Slide 6 Henk de Ruijter

PHY Packet 64 bit preamble to support Antenna Diversity = 16 x Ah May 2009 PHY Packet Preamble 64 bit SFD 16 bit PHR 8/16 bit PSDU max: 32767 octets 64 bit preamble to support Antenna Diversity = 16 x Ah 16 bit SFD to reduce false synchronization = 2DD4h PHR = 8 or 16 bit to support long payloads LSB of PHR controls PHR length: “0” = 8bit length, “1” = 16bit length CRC = 32 bits to support long payloads LSB of PHR controls CRC type: “0” = CRC16, “1” = CRC32 When channel hoping is used: one PHY Packet per hop (slow channel hopping. Slide 7 Henk de Ruijter

CRC CRC depends on PSDU length Derived from Frame Length field (PHR) November 18 May 2009 CRC CRC depends on PSDU length Derived from Frame Length field (PHR) 16 bits CRC up to 127 Octets (802.15.4) 32 bits CRC for more than 127 Octets (max: 32767 Octets) Supporting long packets CRC16 (ITU-T) = 802.15.4b CRC32 (IEEE 802.3-2005 section1) polynomial: x32+x26+x23+x22+x16+x12+x11+x10+x8+x7+x5+x4+x2+x+1 Seed: FFFFFFFF Slide 8 Henk de Ruijter Page 8

PSD at 100kbps BW20dB = 112 kHz May 2009 November 18 Slide 9 Henk de Ruijter Page 9

PSD at 40kbps BW20dB = 44.8 kHz May 2009 November 18 Slide 10 Henk de Ruijter Page 10

Per Region: May 2009 Region Band [MHz] Pmax [dBm] Rb [kbps] November 18 May 2009 Per Region: Region Band [MHz] Pmax [dBm] Rb [kbps] Channel spacing [kHz] Lowest freq [kHz] Highest freq [kHz] Total # of channels FHSS/AFA USA FCC part 15 [4] 902-928 30 100 300 902,300 927,500 85 slow channel hopping Europe ETSI EN 300 220 [2] 863-870 14 40 863,300 869,000 52 Japan ARIB STD T96 [3] 950-956 0 & 10 400 951.100 955,500 11 AFA China [6] 470-510 17 470,400 509,600 99 Slide 11 Henk de Ruijter Page 11

Adjacent Channel Power November 18 May 2009 Adjacent Channel Power Region Rb [kHz] Channel Spacing [kHz] ACP (Bw = 2Rb) [dBc] USA 100 300 -76 Europe 40 -55 Japan China 400 -110 Slide 12 Henk de Ruijter Page 12

November 18 May 2009 FCC part 15.247[4] For frequency hopping systems operating in the 902-928 MHz band: if the 20 dB bandwidth of the hopping channel is less than 250 kHz, the system shall use at least 50 hopping frequencies and the average time of occupancy on any frequency shall not be greater than 0.4 seconds within a 20 second period; Max peak conducted output power for frequency hopping systems operating in the 902-928 MHz band is 1 Watt for systems employing at least 50 hopping channels. Slide 13 Henk de Ruijter Page 13

EU 868MHz Band (non-specific SRD)[1,2] May 2009 EU 868MHz Band (non-specific SRD)[1,2] Slide 14 Henk de Ruijter

Constrains FHSS in “g” Band November 18 May 2009 Constrains FHSS in “g” Band Sub-bands for alarms are excluded: Max channel spacing = 100kHz Minimum number of channels = 47 Maximum emission at sub-band edges is -36dBm in 100kHz Max duty cycle = 0.1% NOTE: The duty cycle applies to the entire transmission (not at each hopping channel). Max dwell time per channel = 400 ms The maximum return time to a hopping channel shall be equal or less than the product of 4 x dwell and the number of hopping channels and must not exceed 20 s. Each channel of the hopping sequence shall be occupied at least once during a period not exceeding the product of 4 x dwell time and the number of hopping channels. In case of LBT being used for FHSS, this function shall be used at each hop channel. Slide 15 Henk de Ruijter Page 15

November 18 May 2009 Channel plan for EU: ch1 863.3 ch14 864.6 ch27 865.9 ch40 867.2 868.5 ch2 863.4 ch15 864.7 ch28 866.0 ch41 867.3 868.6 ch3 863.5 ch16 864.8 ch29 866.1 ch42 867.4 868.7 ch4 863.6 ch17 864.9 ch30 866.2 ch43 867.5 868.8 ch5 863.7 ch18 865.0 ch31 866.3 ch44 867.6 868.9 ch6 863.8 ch19 865.1 ch32 866.4 ch45 867.7 ch52 869.0 ch7 863.9 ch20 865.2 ch33 866.5 ch46 867.8 869.1 ch8 864.0 ch21 865.3 ch34 866.6 ch47 867.9 869.2 ch9 864.1 ch22 865.4 ch35 866.7 ch48 868.0 869.3 ch10 864.2 ch23 865.5 ch36 866.8 ch49 868.1 869.4 ch11 864.3 ch24 865.6 ch37 866.9 ch50 868.2 869.5 ch12 864.4 ch25 865.7 ch38 867.0 ch51 868.3 869.6 ch13 864.5 ch26 865.8 ch39 867.1 868.4 869.7 Note: Sub-bands for Alarm are excluded (gray frequencies) Slide 16 Henk de Ruijter Page 16

November 18 May 2009 China (470-510MHz)[6]: When TX on time is no more than 5 sec then this band can be used for civilian meter reading. ERP max = 50mW Max frequency tolerance 100ppm Spurious limit: -54dBm in 100kHz @ +/-2.5 CHBW - Needs confirmation Slide 17 Henk de Ruijter Page 17

References [1] ERC/REC 70-03 - Version of February 28, 2009 November 18 May 2009 References [1] ERC/REC 70-03 - Version of February 28, 2009 [2] ETSI 300 220 - V2.2.1 (2008 04) [3] ARIB STD T96 - v1.0 June 6, 2008 [4] FCC Part 15 - July 10, 2008 [5] IEEE Std 802.15.4d™-2009 (April 17, 2009) [6] Chinese technical requirements for low power (short distance) radio equipment (July 26, 2007) Slide 18 Henk de Ruijter Page 18