The Hydrological Cycle

(i) Processes in the Hydrological Cycle Inputs e.g. Precipitation Transfers /Stores e.g. Throughflow , Surface run-off, interception, groundwater flow Outputs e.g. Evaporation, transpiration, river channel discharge to sea

(i) Processes in the Hydrological Cycle 1. Draw a labeled diagram of the hydrological cycle on the block diagram sheet and use Waugh / unit 2 webpages to help. Include: Inputs Outputs Stores Transfers 2. Now explain in your own words the sources of energy that drive the hydrological cycle (see section iv in the notes).

(i) Processes in the Hydrological Cycle Base flow Run off Throughflow Percolation Infiltration Through fall/ Stem flow Evaporation Soil storage Groundwater Surface storage Interception Precipitation (i) Processes in the Hydrological Cycle River channel

Processes in the Hydrological Cycle Base flow Run off Throughflow Percolation Infiltration Through fall/ Stem flow Evaporation Soil storage Groundwater Surface storage Interception Processes in the Hydrological Cycle Precipitation River channel

Processes in the Hydrological Cycle Evaporation Precipitation Interception Through fall/ Stem flow Surface storage Run off River channel Infiltration Soil storage Throughflow Percolation Groundwater Base flow/Ground water flow

(i) Processes in the Hydrological Cycle Infiltration Percolation Throughflow Baseflow (Groundwater Flow)

(i) Effect of Human Activities on Processes in the Hydrological Cycle Discharge Transpiration Evaporation Groundwater flow Percolation Infiltration Interception Precipitation Overland flow Human Activities: Cities (heat islands) Flood drainage systems e.g. Storm Drains Global Climate Change due to release of GHG’s Afforestation/deforestation Impermeable surfaces such as block paving / tarmac Grazing cattle Irrigating field Mining / Tunnelling Groundwater abstraction / artificial recharge Abstraction from rivers Task: All of the above human activities alter the hydrological cycle. For each activity: put a heading in your notes and decide, then explain which process or processes it will alter?

(ii) Reservoirs in the Hydrological Cycle Living organisms Lakes Rivers Oceans Groundwater Soil The atmosphere Ice Questions: Explain why water is an example of a renewable resource? Why can water supplies if not managed correctly can be used unsustainably? Define the term abstraction What is meant by ‘residence time’ and explain in your own words how an understanding of it may prevent aquifer depletion. 5. Compare the use of UK aquifers with those in some hot countires. Which are the most sustainable and why?

Hydrology CATCH PHRASE........ sAy whAt U C

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