Regional Civilizations

Location Located on Asia Minor Empire extended to Southwest Asia, Southeastern Europe, Balkan Peninsula, North Africa Capital at Constantinople renamed Istanbul Islam is a unifying force Accepted other religions Trade in coffee and ceramics

Fall of Constantinople City was Center of Byzantine Empire – edge of the Christian World Controlled entry into Black Sea Easy to defend Attacked in April 1453 Muslims now had cannons Attacked from 2 sides

City holds out for 5 weeks Hagia Sophia – most important church in Eastern Christian world becomes a mosque. City now called Istanbul (Part of the modern day country of Turkey)

Suleiman the Magnificent rules for 46 yrs. Known as a military leader, creates strong bureaucracy, religious toleration, supports arts and architecture. Empire slowly declines. Today called Turkey.

Poetry Sensory detail – words or phrases used to create images that appeal to readers senses- sight, sound, taste, smell and touch. Personification – giving inanimate objects or animals human-like qualities. Simile – direct comparison between two unlike thing using words “like” and “as”.

Poem Topic: Fall of Constantinople Use each of the following: --Sensory detail --Personification --Simile Highlight each Illustrate poem

Mughal Empire Located in North India 1526 Babar lead an army against India and established Mughal Empire Grandson Akbar extended the Empire. Allowed for religious freedom, time of culture. Great-grandson Shah Jaham builds Taj Mahal for wife – takes 22 years to build. Throughout, India traded with Europe. First the Portuguese, the Dutch, French and English all establish outposts by sailing through the Indian Ocean. Indian textiles influence the British textile industry Southern India traded silks, spices, and gems.

China First traders arrived during Ming Dynasty Created foreign enclaves to control trade All trading went through the government as a way to control foreign influences and trade. Great demand for silk and porcelain. 1644 change to Qing Dynasty. Continue isolationist policy. New trade items going to Europe– silk, tea, porcelain

Japan An archipelago of 4,000 islands, 1,200 miles long. Culturally isolated Only 15% suitable for farming. Government is a powerless emperor controlled by a military leader (shogun) Adopted policy of isolation to limit foreign influences Religion – Shinto – spirits dwell in nature.

War lords called Shoguns were the real power.

Warriors called samurai and lived by Code of Bushido.

Chinese Influences on Japan: Buddhism system of writing art

Africa Africa exported: Slaves (triangular trade), and raw materials (ivory, gold) Africa imported: manufactured goods from Europe, Asia, and the Americas New food products (corn, peanuts)