Third Declension Review Noun/Adjective Agreement Latin II Feb. 3-7, 2014

-is 3rd declension nouns Third declension nouns are identified by the –is ending in the genitive singular. pax, pacis (f.) lex, legis (f.) salus, salutis (f.) dux, ducis (m.) -is

3rd Declension Endings --- -ēs -is -um -i -ibus -em -ēs -e -ibus Singular Plural Nominative* Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative --- -ēs -is -um -i -ibus -em -ēs -e -ibus * There are several nominative endings, so they’re not listed on the chart. Whatever the first form of the word is in your vocabulary list…that’s the nominative.

Has a different spelling Step 1 – Find the noun stem The noun stem is found by dropping the genitive singular ending from the noun. Dictionary entry of a noun: pax, pacis, f. peace Often the stem Has a different spelling Than the nominative! Nominative singular Gender Meaning Genitive singular pacis – is = pac Noun Stem

Step 2: Add the case endings to the noun stem. Singular Plural Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative dux duc Note that the lovely nominative form will appear once on the chart, then disappear…like a briefly-lived bug.  duc duc duc duc duc duc duc duc ibus ibus dux, ducis (m.) e es is em es i um

Your Turn! Decline salus, salutis (f.) on your whiteboard. salus salutes salutis salutum saluti salutibus salutem salutes salute salutibus

Nouns and Adjectives The adjectives you have learned thus far are called “1st/2nd declension adjectives” bonus, bona, bonum Therefore, they do not use 3rd declension endings!

bonus, bona, bonum Nom. bonus boni Gen. boni bonorum Dat. bono bonis Acc. bonum bonos Abl. bono bonis Masculine forms use 2nd declension endings. Nom. bona bonae Gen. bonae bonarum Dat. bonae bonis Acc. bonam bonas Abl. bonā bonis Feminine forms use 1st declension endings. Nom. bonum bona Gen. boni bonorum Dat. bono bonis Acc. bonum bona Abl. bono bonis Neuter forms use 2nd declension neuter endings.

Nouns and Adjectives Remember our old abbreviation G-N-C? Nouns and adjectives agree in gender, number, and case. They DO NOT have to agree in declension! This means: often nouns and adjectives have endings that AGREE but AREN’T SPELLED the same way.

Lex Bona Singular Plural Nom. lex bona leges bonae Gen. legis bonae legum bonarum Dat. legi bonae legibus bonis Acc. legem bonam leges bonas Abl. lege bonā legibus bonis

Your Turn! Decline “pax magna” on a single chart on the whiteboard. (pax, pacis) pax magna paces magnae pacis magnae pacum magnarum paci magnae pacibus magnis pacem magnam paces magnas pace magnā pacibus magnis

Decline “dux bonus” on a single chart. (dux, ducis) dux bonus duces boni ducis boni ducum bonorum duci bono ducibus bonis ducem bonum duces bonos duce bono ducibus bonis

Decline “rex malus” on a single chart. (rex, regis) rex malus reges mali regis mali regum malorum regi malo regibus malis regem malum reges malos rege malo regibus malis

Decline “arbor pulchra” on a single chart. (arbor, arboris) arbor pulchra arbores pulchrae arboris pulchrae arborum pulcrarum arbori pulchrae arboribus pulchris arborem pulchram arbores pulchras arbore pulchrā arboribus pulchris