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What was the Protestant Reformation? CHRISTIANITY PROTESTANT CATHOLIC

King Henry VIII Divorce was not allowed in the Roman Catholic Church – the only way for King Henry to get a divorce with his first wife was to reform to Protestant. This was a main cause of the Protestant Reformation in England.

The Reformers Martin Luther John Calvin Henry VIII

Martin Luther Lived from 1483-1546 in Germany Father encouraged him to study law A sudden religious experience inspired him to become a monk

Martin Luther He became troubled over the possibility of not going to heaven He turned to the Bible, and confession for comfort In the Bible he found the answer he was looking for

“The righteous shall live by faith.” ROMANS 1:17 “The righteous shall live by faith.” Luther realized that only faith (in the ultimate goodness of Jesus), not good deeds, could save a person. No good works, rituals, etc. would save a person if they did not believe.

Luther's 95 Theses A list of things he thought were wrong with the Catholic Church (95 Complaints) He criticized: The Power of the Pope The Extreme Wealth of the Church Indulgences (Catholic concept of Salvation)

Luther's 95 Theses Gutenberg’s Printing Press made it possible for Luther to spread his beliefs Posted his 95 Theses on Church doors in Germany Gained support from people and criticism from Church

Acceptance of Reforms Some Local German Churches accepted Luthers ideas Supported by German Princes who issued a formal “protest” against the Church for suppressing the reforms The reformers came to be known as [PROTEST]ants - Protestants

Denominations Switzerland = Calvinists England = Anglican Scotland = Presbyterians/Calvinists France = Roman Catholic Germany = Lutheran Calvinism later changed to brought about the Puritans

Lutheran Christianity Protestant Catholic Calvinism Puritan Presbyterian Puritan Hugeunots

Effects of the Reformation Religious/Social Effects: Catholic Church unified; Protestant denominations grow Schools created throughout Europe by BOTH groups Status of women unchanged Political Effects: Catholic Church’s power lessened Religion no longer unites Europe Kings and states more powerful Church’s authority questioned=rise of inquiry and experimentation 18th Century: The Enlightenment