Bellringer: You Should Know… From what you have learned so far, what are some causes of the Civil War? (list at least 5) When was the Civil War fought? (years)

5.3 – Causes of the Civil War, continued American History I Unit 5 – Crisis and War Day 3 – Causes of the Civil War (cont.)

Sectionalism Continues 1856 - Northerner Charles Sumner is attacked in Congress by southern Congressman Preston Brooks Right after Sumner gave a speech supporting a free Kansas (using harsh language) Brooks used a golden cane Southern sympathizers sent Brooks new canes Example of sectionalism Charles Sumner Preston Brooks

Last Democrat pres. until late 1800’s New President: James Buchanan (1857-61) Democrat 15th president Weak Last Democrat pres. until late 1800’s

Supreme Court Case: Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) Ruling of the Case: Scott was taken from the South to the North He thought since he was on free soil, that he was free Ruling of the Case: Blacks were not citizens (were property) Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional Congress couldn’t prevent slavery from expanding First time since Marbury v. Madison a federal law was declared unconstitutional Many of the justices were southerners and the Chief Justice owned slaves

Lincoln : Douglas: proposed the Freeport Doctrine Illinois Senate Debates (1858) Lincoln : Abe saw slavery as a moral evil Wasn’t an abolitionist, but wanted to halt the expansion of slavery Douglas: proposed the Freeport Doctrine slavery should be determined by popular sovereignty (people vote)

Raid at Harper’s Ferry, VA (1859) October 1859 John Brown led 18 to the arsenal at Harper’s Ferry and went to get weapons and incite a slave revolt Put down by federal troops led by Robert E. Lee Brown executed after “I am quite certain that the crimes of this guilty land will never be purged away but with blood” - John Brown

Election of 1860 Abraham Lincoln is elected the 1st Republican Pres. Leads to the secession of South Carolina and later on, six other southern states follow Secession = Leaving the country SC creates a new country, the Confederate States of America Lincoln’s main goal is to Restore the Union!

The Confederate States of America (1861-1865) The Southern States form their own country Jefferson Davis becomes the President of the Confederacy

MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator” The Confederate Seal MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator”

Causes of the Civil War Social Causes Economic Causes Political Causes Slavery “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” Kansas-Neb Act - Pop. Sovereignty - Bleeding Kansas Underground Railroad Dred Scott Harpers Ferry Tariff of 1828 - “Tariff of Abominations” - (protective tariff) North - Industrial South - Agricultural Republican party Popular sovereignty Election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860

Questions: What were the three rulings decided by the Supreme Court regarding the Dred Scott case? What was the importance of the Lincoln and Douglas debates? What was the outcome of the Election of 1860? How did it affect the formation of the United States?

Vocabulary Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) Lincoln and Douglas Debates (1858) Harper’s Ferry, Virginia Election of 1860

5.3, cont. Causes of the Civil War Social Causes Economic Causes Political Causes