1. Drifting Toward Disunion

2. Stowe / Helper Harriet Beecher Stowe Hinton Helper
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Evils of Slavery
Millions of copies sold
“Tom Shows”
Hinton Helper
Impending Crisis of the South
Hated slavery and blacks

3. Contest for Kansas John Brown Pottawatomie Creek – May 1856
Butchered 5 men
Kansas applies for statehood
Civil War in Kansas
Race to populate Kansas
Boarder Ruffians
Came from Missouri
Voted illegally
Won fraudulent majority

4. Cont. 1857 A series of proslavery acts were set up
Lecompton Constitution
“With Slavery” or “With no slavery”
Protected slavery
Buchanan = supported bill
Douglas = popular vote
Divided the democratic party

5. Violence in Senate 1856 Senator Charles Sumner Massachusetts
Delivered a passionate speech
“The Crimes Against Kansas”
Attacked the South
Singled out Senator Andrew P. Butler = South Carolina
Congressman Preston Brooks
Upset about the attacks = Cane

6. “Old Buck” v. “Pathfinder”
Republicans = John C. Fremont
Explorer
Against extension of slavery
Know-Nothing Party = Millard Fillmore
Nativists
1856
Democrats = James Buchanan
Pennsylvania
Lawyer
Popular Sovereignty

7. Electoral Fruits of 1856 Buchanan wins 174 – 114 “Fire Eaters”
Sectional “Black Republican”
Declaration of war
Business connections
intimidation

8. Dred Scott Decision Slave
Went from slave state Missouri to free territory in Illinois and Wisconsin
Scott now wanted freedom
Appealed to Supreme Court
Supreme court ruled that Scott lacked any legal standing to sue in federal court
Not a citizen
Court also ruled that being in free territory did not make a slave free

9. Crash of 1857 California Gold North hardest hit Inflate currency
Panic of 1857
California Gold
Inflate currency
Grain
Speculation
5,000 business failed
North hardest hit
South rode out Storm
Cotton is “King”
Tariff of 1857 = lowered

10. Race for the Senate 1858 Race for Senate Democrat – Stephen Douglas
Republican – Abraham Lincoln
Neither wanted slavery
Disagreed on how to keep it out
Douglas – Popular sovereignty
Lincoln – Slavery was immoral
Lincoln – Douglas Debates
Freeport question
Popular Sovereignty
Dred Scott Decision

11. John Brown John Brown Believed it was time for an uprising
Received financial backing from several Northern abolitionists
October 16, 1859
Led 21 men (Black and White) into Harpers Ferry
West Virginia
Wanted to seize the federal arsenal and start a slave uprising
Killed 7 = Injured 10 +

12. Four parties ran candidates in the 1860 election
Northern Democrats
Republicans
Stephen Douglas
Abraham Lincoln
Constitutional Union
Southern Democrats
John Breckinridge
John Bell

14. Secession Southerners believed they had lost their political voice
South Carolina
Seceded from the Union on December 20, 1860
Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas = soon followed

15. Secession February 1861 Met in Montgomery Alabama
Formed the Confederate States of America
Confederacy
Drew up a constitution
Protected and recognized slavery in new territories
Jefferson Davis = President of Confederacy

16. Collapse of Compromise
Crittenden Amendments
Appease South
Slavery prohibited north of 36˚30΄
South of line = Full protection
Future states north or south of line
Come into Union with or without slavery as they choose
Lincoln reject compromise
Collapse of Compromise

17. Farewell to Union Many felt departure would be unopposed
“All we ask is to be let alone”
South = Golden opportunity
Independent “Dixieland”
Own Banking, Shipping, Trade
Self Determination
Felt they were doing nothing wrong

18. Secession April and May 1861 4 remaining slave states
Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee seceded
11 Confederate states
4 remaining slave states
Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, and Missouri
Buffer states

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