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by: david montecucco

A disease in which inflammation of the airways causes airflow into and out of the lungs to be restricted. medicineplus.com, 2008

The muscles of the bronchial tree become tight and the lining of the air passages swells, reducing airflow and producing the characteristic wheezing sound medicineplus.com, 2008

The prevalence of childhood asthma in the United States has increased since 1980, especially in younger children

Children's Risk Of Death From Asthma Linked To Family Dysfunction ScienceDaily (May 20, 1998) Despite new treatments for asthma, the death rate from this disease nearly doubled among 5- to 24-year- olds in the United States between 1980 and Although there are no clear explanations, Robert C. Strunk, M.D., a professor of pediatrics at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, says the vast majority of those deaths could have been prevented by appropriate care and planning. Strunk also has identified children who are most likely to die. These children live in families that, for various reasons, do not function or communicate well. "It's pretty clear that the parents don't pay attention when their child has bad asthma. Conflict or disorder in the family prevents good care or enhances the possibility of recognizing things late. Children just get trapped," Strunk said.

Children age 0-17 by State asthmaprevalence.com, 2009

emedicine.org, 2009

Asthma is the most common chronic condition among children. Asthma is more common among male children than female children. Asthma is more common among children (7 to 10%) than adults (3 to 5%). Nearly 5 million asthma sufferers are under age 18. It is the most common chronic childhood disease, affecting more than one child in 20

COMMON ASTHMA ATTACK TRIGGERS Animals (pet hair or dander) Dust Changes in weather (most often cold weather) Chemicals in the air or in food Exercise Mold Pollen Respiratory infections, such as the common cold Strong emotions (stress) Tobacco smoke

Asthma sufferer T.J. Greco, left, and Scott Mixon, right, (who is studying to be respiratory therapist) both of Tulare breaths through straws to show how an Asthma sufferer breaths during an attack. on Saturday, Feb. 23, Flickr.com/zumwalt, 2001

Difficulty Talking Pale, sweaty face Blue Lips or Fingernails Medication not effective SYMPTOMS GET WORSE Symptoms continue to progress, the child has

SIGNS of an ASTHMA ATTACK Severe wheezing when breathing both in and out Coughing with asthma that won't stop Very rapid breathing Chest pain or pressure Tightened neck and chest muscles, called retractions

TEACHER MUST TAKE ACTION IF THE CHILD HAS Bluish color to the lips and face Decreased level of alertness Severe drowsiness or confusion Extreme difficulty breathing Rapid pulse (100+) Severe anxiety due to shortness of breath Sweating

Immediately GET THE CHILD OUT OF the environment where any kinds of asthmatic agent or asthma triggers are present smoke, perfume, dust, pets, animals or plants buzzle.com/asthma, 2010

HAVE THE CHILD Take one puff every one minute till the symptoms improve. Sit the child upright Loosen or remove tight clothing Get the Child to relax GET THE reliever inhaler HAVE THE CHILD inhale It. It will open the closed airways.

Symptoms should start to ease up after 5-8 min If no improvement CALL 911 CONTINUE TO USE INHALER TILL HELP ARRIVES Ephedrine is a member of the adrenergic bronchodilator class of drugs that serve to open up the bronchial tubes of the lungs. Since the 1920s, synthetic versions of this drug have been used as a bronchodilator and nasal decongestant, and for controlling urinary incontinence. Although ephedrine is too slow acting to treat acute allergic attacks, it replaces epinephrine in nonemergency treatment of allergic reactions. Ephedrine Crystallites

References used: Asthma in children. (2007). wikipedia.com. State of Childhood Asthma center for disease control. (2006). CDC.com Asthma Symptoms and Statistics. (2009). wakemed.com Asthma. (2010). medicineplus.com Asthma – straw breathing exercise university of Miami. rsmas.com %20SEGMENTS/U%20StrawBreathingExercise.pdf Nikon photo of lung cells. (2010). Nikon.com. Asthma Attack - What To Do. (2010). buzzle.com. Athmas causes. (2009). emedicine.org. Asthma statistics. (2010). Aaaai.org. statistics.asp Asthma statistics. (2009). Asthmaprevalence.com. 23/**http%3a//nchspressroom.wordpress.com/2007/06/26/asthma-prevalence

Photographs used: Group Of School Children Conducting Science Experiments. Clipart.com Teenage kids cant sit still. Free-animatedgifs.com photo by Chris Zumwalt 0223_weewhizers_Greco. flickr.com bronchiali images. brownuniversity.edu hialepi.html Templeton's notes of the lung. argjiro.net.