27.1-The Scramble for Africa Describe Africa before European domination Identify and analyze the motives of European colonizers and the factors that allowed them to control Africa. Identify three groups that clashed in South Africa

Intro to Imperialism Industrial Revolution led to European countries wanting more resources Wanted new markets for goods Also raw materials to make goods Looked to Africa Birth of imperialism-larger/stronger country taking over a weaker one European countries dominated political, economic, and social life of weaker nations How did the Industrial Revolution contribute to countries wanting to expand? Take a look at the political cartoon. What do you think is the main message this cartoon is trying to convey regarding this practice of imperialism.

Africa Before European Domination Divided into ethnic and linguistic groups Some large empires others small villages European contact with Africa in 1400s African armies able to fend off European armies Hard to navigate African rivers Africans in control of own specialized trade networks Some Europeans able to go into Africa-mainly Christianity and end to slave trade

Imperialism at Work Belgian Congo Racial Superiority (racism) King Leopold-exposed Africans to heavy work-10 million dead Size of Belgian Congo 80x larger than Belgium-other countries interested- strong patriotism Racial Superiority (racism) Social Darwinism-survival of fittest Move to Christianize “backwards” people Easy to colonize Africa Technological advantage Steam Engine/Railroad Vaccine for malaria Africans disunited What did Darwin say regarding species? How was this connected to what was stated by Social Darwinists? What were some ways in which European countries would have had a technological advantage that would have made it easier to take them over?

Race for Africa Discovery of gold and diamonds led to all countries wanting to imperialize Africa Major competition-fear of war between European powers Berlin Conference to divide up Africa No African input or consideration of different ethnic groups Used Africa for raw sources Copper, tin, gold, diamonds, peanuts, etc. What could be some potential issues with Europeans dividing up Africa with no regard to the various groups that were there? Examine the map on the projector. Shade or point to the various parts in Africa and what country was in control. What are some general observations you are noticing on the map? How many places in Africa were actually independent?

Groups Clash Over Africa Huge conflict in S. Africa Zulus Built successful state British defeated them with guns-Zulu nation fell Dutch farmers (Boers) built huge farms British came-groups clashed Boers moved North-got into huge fights with Zulus and other groups whose land they were taking Boer War Fight between British and Boers British won-joined into Union of South Africa 1. What are some general reactions you are experiencing as we study imperialism? What are you noticing about the Europeans? What are you noticing about the Africans?