The Thirty Years War (1618-1648).

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

Advertisements

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

The Thirty Years War Victory for Religious Freedom Or A Worthless Endeavor?

Witchcraft in the 17th Century

Phases of the Thirty Years’ War. Bohemian Period of the Thirty Years’ War Catholics name Ferdinand II as Holy Roman Emperor, who immediately revokes religious.

Factors Leading to the Wars of Religion  1. Protestant Reformation  2. Catholic Reformation  3. Prevailing medieval mental linking religion with.

The Thirty Years War ( ).

Thirty Years War The Peace of Augsburg brought a temporary truce to the German states and recognized Lutheranism and Catholicism but Calvinism was demanding.

 The Holy Roman Empire was the battleground.  At the beginning  it was the Catholics vs. the Protestants.(1600s)  At the end  it was Habsburg.

JoannaPhilip (son of Maximilian HRE) Charles VIsabella of Portugal Philip II Ferdinand I Maximilian II Rudolf II Spanish Hapsburgs Mathius.

Age of Religious Wars(1546s-1648) Victor Valley High School

Adapted from historyteacher.net The Wars of Religion- (1530s-1648) The Wars of Religion- (1530s-1648)

The Thirty Years’ War Christine Power AP Euro. Setting the stage…  The Holy Roman Empire  The quality of emperors varied. Some were strong and dynamic,

The 30 Years’ War Historical Background By 1600, Protestants outnumbered Catholics in Bohemia but the Protestants were fragmented into denominations.

The Thirty Years War ( )  The Holy Roman Empire was the battleground.  At beginning  Catholics vs. the Protestants.  At end 

+ The Thirty Years War Religious Wars’ Grand Finale 2.8.

The Thirty Years’ War ( )

The Thirty Years’ War The Logical Outcome of the Reformation in Germany?

The Thirty Years War ( )  The Holy Roman Empire was the battleground.  At the beginning  it was the Catholics vs. the Protestants.

The Thirty Years’ War ( ) The Peace of Augsburg did not extend recognition to non-Lutheran Protestants First continent-wide war in modern.

The Thirty Years’ War Chapter 15. V. Thirty Years’ War ( ): most important war of the 17 th century A. Failure of Peace of Augsburg (1555) 1.Agreement.

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648) The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

Sides Protestant France Sweden Dutch Danes German States – Palatinate (SW Germany) – Bohemia Catholic Spain Holy Roman Empire German States – Bavaria.

Politics, Religion, and War. The origins of difficulties in France  By 1500, France was recovering from plague and disorder, and the nobility began to.

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648). Warfare Aspects of 16 th Century Warfare Gunpowder – –Expensive fortification of cities – –Formation of the “Square”

 Protestant Union and Catholic League in Germany  Both created because people didn’t adhere to the Peace of Augsburg – which didn’t include Calvinists.

The Thirty Years’ War The FIRST continent-wide war in modern history!!!! Culmination of religious wars from the 16 th century!!!! And it ends.

The European Age of Religious Wars ( ) European Religious Divisions – 16 th 17 th century.

The Thirty Years War ( ).

Problems in the German States Problems leading to 30 yrs. War 1555: Cuius Regio; Eius Religio Loss of Land to Protestant Princes The Counter Reformation.

The Valois, et al. Some Geneology Chenonceux.

Factors Leading to the Wars of Religion  1. Protestant Reformation  2. Catholic Reformation  3. Prevailing medieval mental linking religion with.

Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley H. S. Chappaqua, NY The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

The Thirty Years War IR 1205: History of IR since 1648 Md. Sohel Rana Lecturer Department of International Relations Bangladesh University of.

War? What is good for? How else are we going to know which religion is right? The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

THE THIRTY YEARS WAR. Background  Beginning of the 17 th century  Dealt with religious differences between the Catholics and Protestants.

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

The Thirty Years War ( ).

Thirty Years War.

Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley H. S. Chappaqua, NY

The Thirty Years’ War.

30 Years’ War Most important war of the 17th century

Wars of Religion (1560s – 1648).

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

The Thirty Years War

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648) Late 16th and early 17th century.

THE RELIGIOUS WARS: The Thirty Years War

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

Terrific Thursday, Oct. 8, 2015 Warm-Up

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

EQ - What were the causes and effects of the Thirty Years’ War?

Waging War Wednesday, Oct.1st

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648) Original Source: Ms. Susan M. Pojer

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648).

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648).

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

The Wars of Religion.

Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley H. S. Chappaqua, NY

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

Thirty Years War The Highlights.

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

Presentation transcript:

The Thirty Years War (1618-1648)

1618-1648

Preconditions Political decentralization of HRE Each autonomous territory can levy tolls and taxes, and coin its own money Local rulers resist consolidation HR Emperor can only rule by force Religious divisions (50/50) following Council of Trent, Protestants in HRE fear a Catholic conspiracy to recreate a Catholic Europe Strife between Lutherans and Calvinists New science making all religions nervous

New Religious-Political Alliances form 1608-09 Palatinate region: home of the Protestant League Bavaria: center of Counter-Reformation in Germany and home of the Catholic League

Characteristics of the Thirty Years War The Holy Roman Empire was the battleground. At the beginning  it was the Catholics vs. the Protestants. At the end  it was Hapsburg power that was threatened. Resolved by the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648. Four distinct phases.

The Bohemian Phase: 1618-1622 Ferdinand II inherited Bohemia. Revoked religious freedom of Protestants. Defenestration of Prague May, 1618 Ferdinand II Holy Roman Emperor (1619)

The Bohemian Phase: 1618-1622 Bohemia deposes Ferdinand II and places Calvinist Elector of the Palatine, Frederick V on the throne. Spain and Bavaria help Frederick II to defeat Frederick. Ferdinand re-Catholicizes Bohemia and Bavaria. The rebellion in Bohemia inspired others.

Bohemian Phase

The Danish Phase: 1625-1629 Ferdinand II tried to crush Protestantism in northern Holy Roman Empire. Danish King (a Lutheran) takes up Protestant cause supported by England and France. Ferdinand II is victorious with aid of Albrecht von Wallenstein. Edict of Restitution (1629): Restored to Catholics all lands lost since 1552. Deprived all Protestants, except Lutherans, of their religious and political rights. German princes still feared Wallenstein’s power Ferdinand fired him.

Danish Phase

Albrecht von Wallenstein

The Swedish Phase: 1630-1635 France & Sweden now get involved. Both want to stop Hapsburg power. Sweden led the charge with French support. Gustavus Adolphus (King of Sweden)invaded the HR Empire. Ferdinand II brought back Wallenstein. Swedish advance was stopped. German princes still feared Ferdinand II. Wallenstein assassinated to appease them.

Swedish Phase

Gustavus Adolphus

The French Phase: 1635-1648 France & Sweden switched roles. All countries in Europe now participated. This phase was most destructive! German towns decimated. Agriculture collapsed  famine resulted. 8 million dead  1/3 of the population [from 21 million in 1618 to 13.5 million in 1648] Caused massive inflation. Trade was crippled throughout Europe.

Loss of German Lives in 30 Years’ War

The Peace of Westphalia (1648) Political Provisions: Each Ger. prince became free from control by HR Emperor. The United Provinces [Dutch Neths.] became officially independent. Fr. rcvd. most of the Ger-speaking province of Alsace. Sweden  got lands in No. Ger. on the Baltic & Black Sea coasts. Switzerland became totally independent of the HR Emperor  Swiss Confederation. Sweden won a voice in the Diet of the HR Emp. Brandenburg-Prussia emerges as a powerful European state. Fr. And Sp. Remain at war until 1659. Fr. victory Fr. As dominant Euro. power

The Peace of Westphalia (1648) Religious Provisions: Calvinists would have the same privileges as the Lutherans had in the Peace of Augsburg. The ruler of each state could determine its official religion, BUT [except in the hereditary lands of the Habsburgs], he must permit freedom of private worship.

Treaty of Westphalia (1648)

1688-1700

Nobody Was Happy! Many Protestants felt betrayed. The pope denounced it. Only merit  it ended the fighting in a war that became intolerable! For the next few centuries, this war was blamed for everything that went wrong in Central Europe.