Writing

Bellwork: September 26, 2017 What are your writing strengths? Weaknesses? What can you do to improve your writing?

Bellwork 9/27/17 and 9/28/17 Good morning! Please unpack the prompt below in your notebook. NASA and private companies are making plans to send people to Mars with the hope that they will start a colony and be able to live there. Write an argumentative essay in which you take a position on whether or not you think people will be able to successfully live on Mars.

Types of Prompts Informative Argumentative Informative: aka explanatory, to explain, to inform Tone: formal / reporter-like (fact- based) Controlling Idea Argumentative: aka to write an editorial, take a stance Tone: formal/ lawyer-like (fact-based) Claim Counterclaim needs to be addressed and refuted with evidence. When you refute the counterclaim, this called a rebuttal.

Introduction = background info + controlling idea/claim Body Paragraph 1 = P.E.E.L.E.E.L. Body Paragraph 2 = P.E.E.L.E.E.L. Body Paragraph 3 = P.E.E.L.E.E.L. Counterclaim HERE (paired with best piece of evidence) Conclusion = restate claim/controlling idea +restate points+ leave reader with something

What steps should you take when you receive a writing prompt? Unpack the Prompt What steps should you take when you receive a writing prompt? TAP out the prompt- identify Task (what you are writing about) Audience (formal) Purpose (whether to inform or argue) CUB (before reading the passage set) Circle the Mode Underline the task Box key words 2.Turn the prompt into a question 3. Answer the question- this is your claim or controlling idea 4. Then ask yourself, why? Those will become your points for your body paragraphs!

Unpack the Prompt You have been asked to write an argumentative essay for your school's blog in which you support or oppose the use of an artist’s music in advertising. Use information from the “Should Musicians Change Their Tune?” passage set in your essay.

Controlling Idea Used for INFORMATIVE/EXPLANATORY essays A controlling idea is a full-sentence observation about the topic which addresses the prompt. This statement tells what the text is about. Check it: 1. Is it on topic? 2. Is it true of source 1? 3. Is it true of source 2, 3, 4? 4. Can it be applied to the world as well?

Claim/Counter Claim Used in ARGUMENTATIVE essays Claim: What is your argument to the reader who may/not initially agree with you? Counter Claim: What would someone who disagrees with you say? Evidence: Prove them wrong using evidence from the passage(s).

Your Turn: Read the Passage Set While reading, identify evidence for both possible stances. Record on a piece of paper. Consider creating a T-chart represent both sides of evidence Pros and cons

Introductory Paragraph Provide BACKGROUND INFORMATION from passage set 2-4 sentences State your CONTROLLING IDEA or CLAIM NO FIRST PERSON POINT OF VIEW FORMAL TONE

Your Turn: Points Look at your evidence. Can you group them intro related categories? Think of reasons why. These will be your points (reasons).

Evidence You already have your evidence. Now decide on how to use them. Direct quotes ONLY USE IF IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE WAY Cite! Don’t “plop” and “drop” your quote. Paraphrase: Use most of the time and always cite this!

Citations Facts/evidence extracted from the text to support the response (claim/controlling idea) must be cited. This includes paraphrasing and direct quotations.

Evidence vs. Elaboration Remember the evidence is WHAT is important and the elaboration is WHY it is important. You should show original work and this is accomplished through elaboration. Think: Why is this fact/evidence important enough for me to use in this essay? How does this evidence support my explanation or claim?

Types of Elaboration in Text-Based Writing Explanation- Explain the evidence (often used when a direct quote is used.) Evaluation- Evaluate the evidence based on other facts in the passages. Definition-Provide a definition to help reader better understand evidence. Analyze to Make a Comparison- Make a comparison to the evidence Analyze to Make a Prediction- Analyze evidence and make a likely prediction Analyze to Make a Cause and Effect Relationship- Analyze the evidence to show a likely cause and effect relationship

The Rebuttal Addressing the Counterclaim The refutation paragraphs typically have: Introduce the Opposing Argument Acknowledge parts of the opposition that are valid Counter the Their Argument Introduce the Conclusion

Introduce the Opposing Argument Summarize the opposing viewpoint openly and honestly. It is often argued that… Opposing views claim… Some critics argue/assert/claim/state… Many believe that… It has been argued/asserted/claimed/stated. . . Opponents argue/assert/contend/claim/state…

Acknowledge Parts Of The Opposition That Are Valid Admittedly, Certainly, Of course, One cannot deny that... At the same time... Acknowledge that some of the opposition's claims may be valid, but the writer still shows that his own claims are stronger. A writer might explain the opposition's weakest points, contrasting them with his argument's strongest points.

Counter Their Argument Introduce the rebuttal of the opposition’s argument. Refute the opposition's claims showing they are incorrect or inconsequential (aka not a real problem). Nevertheless, However, On the other hand, But...

Introduce the Conclusion The conclusion should summarize why the counter argument is not a sufficient solution. Thus, Therefore, As a result, Sometimes writers might just want to restate his/her position simply.

http://www.mesacc.edu/~paoih30491/Refutationpgphs.html https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RmqETlEJLyk

BAV Informative Writing Controlling Idea Argumentative Writing Claim Counter Claim

Unpack the Prompt Your turn. The U.S. is exploring other planets in space searching for resources that will help us in the future. Write an explanatory essay that details why finding water on Mars is such a big discovery and how this discovery could help people in the future. Remember, your response must be based on ideas, concepts, and information from the passage. Your essay must be based on ideas, concepts, and information from the passage. Manage your time carefully so that you can: Plan your essay Write your essay Revise and edit your essay