Mechanical Engineering? What is MSU 2006 Jeff Rhoads and Terry Ballinger

Outline What is Engineering? Intro to Engineering Movie What is Mechanical Engineering? Sample ME Topics Alternative Energy Sources MEMS Lesson Overview

What is Engineering?

The application of science & mathematics to design, build, and maintain devices and processes that are useful to humankind. The application of science & mathematics to design, build, and maintain devices and processes that are useful to humankind.

What is Engineering? Useful Things Stuff convert

What is Engineering? convert Stuff Matter Matter Sources of Energy Sources of Energy … …useful to humankind Cars Cars Air Conditioners Air Conditioners Bridges Bridges Clean Water Clean Water … Useful Things

What is Engineering?

Mechanical Engineering? Mechanical Energy Non-Mechanical Energy convert What is

Mechanical Engineering? Mechanical Energy Non-Mechanical Energy Electrical Electrical Chemical Chemical Thermal Thermal Nuclear Nuclear … convert What is

Mechanical Engineering? Mechanical Energy Non-Mechanical Energy Potential Potential Kinetic Kinetic Electrical Electrical Chemical Chemical Thermal Thermal Nuclear Nuclear … convert What is

Mechanical Engineering? Mechanical Energy Non-Mechanical Energy Conversion involves the design and manufacture of: convert Tools Tools Machines Machines Engines Engines … What is

Examples

Examples

Examples

What do MEs Study? machines, structures, … Mechanics: machines, structures, … aerodynamics, pumps/fans, … Fluids: aerodynamics, pumps/fans, … heating/cooling, energy, … Thermal Sciences: heating/cooling, energy, … interface electronics, … Controls: interface electronics, … matls handling/processing, … Manufacturing: matls handling/processing, … More… More…

Modern Mechanical Engineering

THE FUTURE: ALTERNATIVE ENERGY

Alternative Energy - Motivation 2% of the Worlds Oil Reserves 2% of the Worlds Oil Reserves In the United States…

2% of the Worlds Oil Reserves 2% of the Worlds Oil Reserves 8% of World Oil Production 8% of World Oil Production In the United States… Alternative Energy - Motivation

2% of the Worlds Oil Reserves 2% of the Worlds Oil Reserves 8% of World Oil Production 8% of World Oil Production 5% of Worlds Population 5% of Worlds Population In the United States… Alternative Energy - Motivation

2% of the Worlds Oil Reserves 2% of the Worlds Oil Reserves 8% of World Oil Production 8% of World Oil Production 5% of Worlds Population 5% of Worlds Population 31% Total Oil Consumption 31% Total Oil Consumption (2/3 imported) In the United States… Alternative Energy - Motivation

Why Oil? Historical sources of energy: Wood Coal Oil/Gas Nuclear

Why Oil? Historical sources of energy: Wood Coal Oil/Gas Nuclear One barrel of oil = 12 person-years of manual labor

Global Oil Production & Demand

Energy Consumption

What Should We Do? Increase nuclear energy output? Increase nuclear energy output? Increase alternative energy output (solar, wind, wave, geothermal, …) Increase alternative energy output (solar, wind, wave, geothermal, …) Reduce consumption? Reduce consumption? All of the above? All of the above? OR: Go back to the caves? We cant! OR: Go back to the caves? We cant!

Alternative Energy Sources… Nuclear Nuclear Hydroelectric Hydroelectric Geothermal Geothermal Wind Wind Biomass, Agricultural Sources, and Waste Biomass, Agricultural Sources, and Waste Solar Solar Hydrogen from Renewables Hydrogen from Renewables

Complications…. Environmental Impact Environmental Impact Cost Cost Safety Safety Technology Technology Will it make a dent? Will it make a dent?

So Why Try…. Application Specific Energy Application Specific Energy Solar Panels Solar Panels Hydroelectric Power Hydroelectric Power Hydrogen Powered Cars Hydrogen Powered Cars

Solar Power Semiconductor (Silicon)

Hydrogen from Renewables DOE/EPA, 2005

Pushing the Envelope…

MEMS Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems Small devices that integrate electronics, mechanics, and computing Small devices that integrate electronics, mechanics, and computing Existing products: sensors for acceleration (air bags), pressure (tires), temperature, ear implants, etc Existing products: sensors for acceleration (air bags), pressure (tires), temperature, ear implants, etc The future: biotech applications, sorting of stem cells, biohazard sensors, etc The future: biotech applications, sorting of stem cells, biohazard sensors, etc

MEMS Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems Small devices that integrate electronics, mechanics, and computing Small devices that integrate electronics, mechanics, and computing Existing products: sensors for acceleration (air bags), pressure (tires), temperature, ear implants, etc Existing products: sensors for acceleration (air bags), pressure (tires), temperature, ear implants, etc The future: biotech applications, sorting of stem cells, biohazard sensors, etc The future: biotech applications, sorting of stem cells, biohazard sensors, etc This is what I frequently work on!

How Small is Small?

200 People

How Small is Small? 650,000 Cans of Soda

How Small is Small? 30,000,000 #2 Pencils

How Small is Small? >1x10 15 MEMS Devices (Quadrillions)

Tire Pressure Sensors

Cochlear Implants

Cochlear Implant

Micromachines

Micromachines

What Else Does the Future Hold? Nanotechnology – very small machines (one-billionth of a meter!) Nanotechnology – very small machines (one-billionth of a meter!) Biotech Advances Biotech Advances Space Age Materials Space Age Materials More – just use your imagination! More – just use your imagination!

Lesson Overview 1.What is Mechanical Engineering? 2.Design: A Creative Problem-Solving Process (Straw Structure) 3.Dynamics: Gravity is Holding us Down! (Popsicle Stick Slingshot) 4.Why Things Float and Fly: Buoyancy and Aerodynamics (Airplanes) 5.Out of Control: The Need for Control System (Popsicle Stick Slingshot) 6.Manufacturing Madness (Assembly Line) 7.Energy and Work: Sources and Conversion (?) 8.Propulsion: How Fast Can You Go? (CO 2 Propelled Boat) 9.Electromechanical Systems (Electric Motor) 10.Mechanical Vibrations: Whats Shaking? ME

Straw Structure Lesson 2 Activity Objective Create a structure that will hold a bottle of water as high as possible. DESIGN

Popsicle Stick Slingshot Lesson 3-5 Activity Objective Calibrate the slingshot from Lesson 3 to accurately propel a plastic ball to a target at an arbitrary distance. Objective Create a ground level launching slingshot that will propel a plastic ball as far as possible. CONTROLS / DYNAMICS

Airplanes! Lesson 4 Activity Objective Design a set of paper airplanes which will fly the furthest/stay aloft the longest BOUYANCY & AERODYNAMICS

Assembly Line Lesson 6 Activity Objective Create an assembly line that will produce eight bean- filled fish as quickly as possible. MANUFACTURING

Assembly Line Lesson 6 Activity Objective Create an assembly line that will produce eight bean- filled fish as quickly as possible. MANUFACTURING

Energy and Work Lesson 7 Activity Objective TBD ENERGY & WORK

CO 2 Propelled Boat Lesson 8 Activity Objective Create a CO 2 propelled boat that travels the greatest distance in the minimum amount of time. PROPULSION

CO 2 Propelled Boat Lesson 8 Activity PROPULSION Objective Create a CO 2 propelled boat that travels the greatest distance in the minimum amount of time.

Electric Motor Lesson 9 Activity Electromechanical Systems Objective Create a CO 2 propelled boat that travels the greatest distance in the minimum amount of time.