1402 Timur defeats Bayezit/Bayezid.

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Presentation transcript:

1402 Timur defeats Bayezit/Bayezid. Ottoman territories divided among Bayezid’s sons. Civil war breaks out 1413 Mehmed reunites Ottoman empire 15th-16th c. Ottomans expand territory to cover Asia Minor, much of Middle East, N. Africa, E. Europe and Greece

1453 Ottomans take Constantinople Mehmed II (r. 1444-45, 1451-81) Domed Church of Haghia Sophia (bt. 532-37)

Istanbul, not Constantinople… Rumeli = Ottoman territories in Europe (from Rum = Byzantines)

1514 Ottomans defeat Safavids at Chaldiran 1516 Ottomans defeat Mamluks at Marj Dabiq 1517 Ottomans take Cairo and destroy Mamluk Sultanate and ‘Abbasid caliphate Sept 1529 Ottomans besiege but fail to take Vienna

Sultan Palace Services incl. harem, Inside Service & Outside Service Scribal- Financial Bureaucracy incl. executive office of divan, chancery & treasury Military- Governing Administration (divan), headed by grand vizier Religious- Judicial Establishment i/c religion, education & law

divan (sultan’s council)

Sources of Ottoman Law: 1. Shari‘a (Islamic law) 2. Kanuns (Decrees of sultans) 3. Adet (Local customary law) 4. Urf (Sultan’s discretion) qadi/kadi (judge) mufti (jurisconsult) madrasa/medrese (religious college)

Selimiyye Mosque, Edirne (bt. 1567-74 by Sinan [d. 1588])