<March 2008> Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [the Smart Grid] Date Submitted: [20 March 2008] Source: [George Flammer] Company [Silver Springs Network] Address [Add address Street, City, PC, Province/State, Country] Voice:[Add telephone number], FAX: [Add FAX number], E-Mail:[gflammer@silverspringnet.com] Re: [In response to the WNG call for presentations] Abstract: [Information on the Smart Grid] Purpose: [To inform the WNG of the status and possibilities of the Smart Grid] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. <George Flammer>, <Silver Springs Network>

Silver Spring Networks <March 2008> Silver Spring Networks the Smart Grid March 19th, 2008 IEEE Orlando <George Flammer>, <Silver Springs Network>

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <March 2008> Agenda Describe the ‘Smart Grid’ and it’s application space Discuss performance characteristics currently being applied Discuss existing standards and their applicability to the Smart Grid © 2008 Silver Spring Networks. All rights reserved. <George Flammer>, <Silver Springs Network> <author>, <company>

Smart Grid is Utility Automation <March 2008> Smart Grid is Utility Automation North American utilities are $1T (trillion) business Upwards of one hundred million electric meters are going to be emplaced within the next 10 years Demand growing, new plants not being built Carbon loading becoming worldwide issue Fuel costs rising without apparent end Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007: SMART GRID INTEROPERABILITY FRAMEWORK ‘Perfect storm’ for wireless technologies <George Flammer>, <Silver Springs Network>

Smart Grid Architecture <March 2008> Smart Grid Architecture <George Flammer>, <Silver Springs Network>

Smart Grid Territory and Nodes <March 2008> Smart Grid Territory and Nodes Very wide service territory: Ill defined Possibly non-contiguous Possible overlap. Nodes characterized: moderate to high value non-mobile typically non-optimal locations. Nodes have substantial power Plenty of processor Do their job locally Power constraint minimal Power restraint appreciated. <George Flammer>, <Silver Springs Network>

Smart Grid – Process Control <March 2008> Smart Grid – Process Control Smart Grid applications are best defined as wide area process control Low BW, (10 x 4kB per day) Latency tolerant (~10 second) Exceptional events require low single digit responses (e.g. 2 seconds) Complete ubiquity: every customer location connected Load control (“demand side management”) is inside the home and business <George Flammer>, <Silver Springs Network>

Smart Grid – Conservative Design <March 2008> Smart Grid – Conservative Design Smart Grid performs command and control for nations power infrastructure; it must be secure from inception. Service life and Total Cost of Ownership is major consideration Once emplaced, nodes should work reliably, upgradeable until removed. Standard technologies-well vetted are most cost effective, they have known performance, largest ecosystem. <George Flammer>, <Silver Springs Network>

Smart Grid – Some Specs Property Description Raw data rate <March 2008> Smart Grid – Some Specs Property Description Raw data rate 915 MHz: 100 kb/s;   2.4 GHz: 100 kb/s; (others) Range 1m to 20km Latency Down to 15 ms peer-to-peer, typically 100ms per ‘hop’ Frequency band Two PHYs: 915 MHz and 2.4 GHz Channel access Slotted Random Multiple Access (SRMA) Contention & Interference Reduction Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Topologies supported Linear, star and full mesh <George Flammer>, <Silver Springs Network>

Smart Grid – vs. existing WAN standards <March 2008> Smart Grid – vs. existing WAN standards 3G/4G Sacrificed range for speed Licensed frequencies - costly Non-ubiquitous coverage Star architecture 802.16 Sacrifices coverage for speed Licensed frequencies – costly 802.11 Sacrificed range for high speed <George Flammer>, <Silver Springs Network>

Smart Grid – vs. existing LAN/PAN standards <March 2008> Smart Grid – vs. existing LAN/PAN standards 802.11 Sacrificed range for high speed Non-ubiquitous coverage 802.15 Sacrificed range for power Sacrificed range for speed Packet size limits many applications Single channel operation not robust Power constraints unneeded Processor constraints unneeded <George Flammer>, <Silver Springs Network>

Smart Grid – vs. existing LAN/PAN standards <March 2008> Smart Grid – vs. existing LAN/PAN standards 802.11 Sacrificed range for high speed Non-ubiquitous coverage 802.15 Sacrificed range for power Sacrificed range for speed Packet size limits many applications Single channel operation not robust Power constraints unneeded Processor constraints unneeded BUT: with suitable amendments, 802.15.4? would perfectly suit Smart Grid requirements…. <George Flammer>, <Silver Springs Network>

Smart Grid – would be completely 802.15.4 <March 2008> Smart Grid – would be completely 802.15.4 802.15.4? Use 1W FHSS for part 15.247 100kbps FSK = 220kHz BW Range now > 10km Packet size up to 2047 Bytes Carries real amounts of data FHSS and Slotted channel contention Robust - survives own success Power constraints unneeded Processor constraints unneeded <George Flammer>, <Silver Springs Network>

Smart Grid – synergies <March 2008> Pulls WAN backhaul ----- and enables huge HAN market <George Flammer>, <Silver Springs Network>

<March 2008> Thank you Oh, did we mention that the Smart Grid is a nearly one billion device market that has substantial pull, is recession resistant, will power WAN and Home Area Network technologies… … and is rolling out now? <George Flammer>, <Silver Springs Network>