1. Page 1 Submission: Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN 15-08-0457-00-0000 Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN Submission Title: [ Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN ] Date Submitted: [ 15 July, 2008 ] George Flammer Silver Spring Networks Source: [ George Flammer ] Company/Organization [ Silver Spring Networks ] Address: [ 575 Broadway, Redwood City, CA ] Tel [ 650-298-4200] E-Mail: [ gflammer (at) SilverSpringNet.com ] Re: IEEE 802 Plenary WNAN Tutorial Abstract:WNAN description, mesh network performance, appropriateness of 802.15.4 for WNAN Purpose:To brief IEEE 802 Membership on WNAN application area and need for standards Notice:This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release:The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

2. Submission: Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks WNAN July 15th, 200815-08-0457-00-0000

3. Page 3 Submission: Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN 15-08-0457-00-0000 WNAN applications may be defined as wide area process control Low BW – less than 100 kB per day Latency tolerant - less than 10 seconds Exceptional events require low single digit responses (e.g. less than 2 seconds) Nominally fixed locations; not mobile. Complete ubiquity: every device location connected – millions of locations, tens of thousands of square miles WNAN = Process Control

4. Page 4 Submission: Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN 15-08-0457-00-0000 WNAN ‘neighborhood’

5. Page 5 Submission: Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN 15-08-0457-00-0000 For process control, the WNAN extends from the computer to the monitored and controlled devices. For the Utility application, the WNAN logically extends ‘from the tower to the toaster’. Topologically, this can be 802.15.4 devices and relays being aggregated by 802.11/802.16 WAN to an 802.3 LAN. The WNAN application space

6. Page 6 Submission: Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN 15-08-0457-00-0000 Mesh networks provide scalable performance Average round trip time (RTT) of ~350 byte meter reads for 48,000 meters.

7. Page 7 Submission: Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN 15-08-0457-00-0000 Latency to any one endpoint is highly correlated with hop count. One mesh topology would have endpoints continually evaluate and improve their routes “in and out”. Multiple alternate paths in and out of the network are vetted and the best selected. Each endpoint can use available local information to plot routes in and out. Viewed globally, the highly scalable process ‘balances’ overall mesh load for highest performance. Mesh networks distribute intelligence

8. Page 8 Submission: Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN 15-08-0457-00-0000 With RSSI in every radio, the radio spectrum can be measured everywhere; in this case hourly. This graphic shows signal occupancy across 26MHz (902-928MHz). These data were taken in a ‘small city’ environment – trolley cars, four lane streets, etc. The mesh network is in operation. Occupied channels are blue. Empty channels are red/pink trending toward white – spectrum sharing rules established by the FCC in the early 1990’s still work well. Mesh networks utilize spectrum efficiently

9. Page 9 Submission: Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN 15-08-0457-00-0000 Open Standards The power plug has been an ‘open standard’ for 100 years Leverages trillion dollar utility capital Millions of devices have been independently developed Plug it in and it ‘just works’ IP provides the open standard for the Wireless NAN Leverages trillion dollar collective R&D budget Enables vendor community to develop products independently Plug it in and it ‘just works’

10. Page 10 Submission: Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN 15-08-0457-00-0000 Geographically distributed process control network With a very large number of High value endpoints in Nominally fixed locations with Handfuls of kilobytes moving Within handfuls of seconds Not a ‘fat’ pipe, but a ‘diverse’ pipe The WNAN application space

11. Page 11 Submission: Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN 15-08-0457-00-0000 The WNAN application space Industrial process control needs to be robust – you can never have enough range. With enough range, you have ubiquitous coverage. When you have complete coverage, you must have a scalable technology Which will not be used if it is not robust. The 802.15.4 PHY and MAC need to be tailored to meet the WNAN technical requirements.

12. Page 12 Submission: Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN 15-08-0457-00-0000 WNAN – coexistence with standards Pulls WAN backhaul ----- and enables huge HAN market

13. Page 13 Submission: Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN 15-08-0457-00-0000 WNAN – has most synergy with 802.15.4 Use 1W FHSS for part 15.247 100kbps FSK = 220kHz BW Range now > 10km Packet size up to 2047 Bytes Carries IP packets compatibly FHSS and Slotted channel contention Robust - survives own success Power constraints unneeded Processor constraints unneeded 802.15.4 PHY and MAC enhancements

14. Submission: Wireless Neighborhood Area Networks – WNAN Thank You