Taxonomy 17.1.

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Presentation transcript:

Taxonomy 17.1

Taxonomy is the science of naming and classifying organisms Taxonomy is the science of naming and classifying organisms. Scientific names allow scientists to talk about particular species without confusion.

Binomial Nomenclature is a system that gives each species a 2-part scientific name using Latin words. Homo sapiens Homo neanderthalis Panthera tigris Eschericha coli

A genus includes one or more physically similar species that are thought to be closely related. Crocodylus niloticus (Nile River) Crocodylus acutus (American)

Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Linnaeus’s classification system has seven levels… Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

The evolutionary history of a group of species Phylogeny .

A cladogram is a tree that proposes how species are related through common ancestry.

1) Bacteria 2) Archaea 3) Eukarya Domain is a level of classification that is higher than Kingdom. There are three domains. 1) Bacteria 2) Archaea 3) Eukarya

Bacteria : singled-celled prokaryotes that are not extremophiles.

Archaea : singled-celled prokaryotes that are extremophiles Archaea : singled-celled prokaryotes that are extremophiles. Their cell walls are different from bacteria. An extremophile is an organism that LOVES (philo) extreme conditions.

Mr. Allen, what is a eukaryotic cell? Eukarya : ALL organisms with eukaryotic cells. Mr. Allen, what is a eukaryotic cell?

The domain Eukarya includes the kingdoms 1) Animalia 2) Plantae 3) Fungi 4) Protista

Animals – multicellular and heterotrophic.

Plants – multicellular and autotrophic.

Protists – unicellular. Can be heterotrophic or autotrophic.

Fungi – unicellular and multicellular. They are saprophytic Fungi – unicellular and multicellular. They are saprophytic. NOT photosynthetic. Saprophytic means that it obtains nutrients from dead organic matter.

Important Animal Phyla Chordates – all animals with a backbone Important Animal Phyla Chordates – all animals with a backbone. Mammals, Reptiles, Birds, Amphibians, and others… Arthropods – animals with many joints. Insects, Arachnids, Crustaceans (crabs) Mollusks – soft body animals (sometimes with shells). Snails, cephalopods, clams, slugs…

Important Animal Phyla