Section 3 Metals, Metalloids and Nonmetals

Metals Shiny Solids (at room temp) Malleable – can be hammered flat Ductile – can be pulled into wire High Conductivity – ability to transfer heat or electricity to another object

Reactivity of Metals Low High Metals will usually lose electrons when they react with other elements

Nonmetals Sulfur Opposite of properties of metals Not shiny Poor conductors Mostly gases (at room temperature) Solids are brittle Sulfur

Reactivity of Nonmetals Low Low High Nonmetals will usually gain or share electrons when they react with other elements

Some Important Nonmetals Carbon – important element for making up living organisms Noble Gases – group 18 – very nonreactive. Have full outer shells.

Metalloids Inbetween metals and nonmetals Solids (at room temp) brittle and hard Semiconductors – can conduct electricity under some conditions but not others. very important for computer chips Most common example – Silicon – in sand and glass

Assessment The atomic number is the number of valence electrons. neutrons. protons in the nucleus. electrons in the nucleus. Protons in nucleus

Assessment The periodic table is a chart of the elements that shows the repeating pattern of their energies. properties. element symbols. names. properties

Assessment Which piece of information cannot be found in a square on the periodic table? Atomic mass. Chemical symbol. Atomic number. Number of neutrons. Number of neutrons

Assessment Which element will have properties most similar to Calcium? Potassium. Scandium. Magnesium. Bromine. Magnesium.

Assessment Which group is most likely to lose/share 2 electrons in a chemical reaction? 1. 2. 17. 18. Magnesium.

Assessment Which side of the periodic table contains most of the nonmetals? Left side. Right side. Middle. Magnesium.

Assessment Which is not a property of nonmetals? Brittle. Nonmalleable. High conductivity. Most are gases at room temperature Magnesium.

Assessment Which metal is probably the most reactive? Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Potassium

Assessment Which nonmetal is probably the most reactive? Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Flourine