History and Approaches

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Presentation transcript:

History and Approaches AP Psychology Unit 1 History and Approaches Christopher Dunn Spalding High School

Psychology’s Roots Prescientific Psychology Is the mind connected to the body or distinct? Are ideas inborn or is the mind a blank slate filled by experience?

Psychology’s Roots Philosophy or Science?

Psychological Science Is Born Psychology’s Roots Psychological Science Is Born Empiricism Knowledge comes from experience via the senses Science flourishes through observation and experiment

Psychology’s Roots Wilhelm Wundt opened the first psychology laboratory at the University of Liepzig (c. 1879)

Psychology’s Roots Structuralism used introspection (looking in) to explore the elemental structure of the human mind

Psychology’s Roots Functionalism focused on how behavioral processes function- how they enable organism to adapt, survive, and flourish

Psychology’s Roots Psychological Science Develops Wundt--German philosopher and physiologist James--American philosopher Pavlov--Russian physiologist Freud--Austrian physician Piaget--Swiss biologist

Psychology’s Roots Figure 1- British Psychological Society membership

Definition of Psychology Psychology’s Roots Definition of Psychology The science of behavior (what we do) and mental processes (sensations, perceptions, dreams, thoughts, beliefs, and feelings)

Prologue: Contemporary Psychology Psychology’s Big Issues Nature-nurture controversy the relative contribution that genes and experience make to development of psychological traits and behaviors

Contemporary Psychology Natural selection principle that those inherited trait variations contributing to survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations

Contemporary Psychology Psychology’s Perspectives The different views of Psychology

Contemporary Psychology Psychology’s Perspectives A lot depends on your viewpoint

Contemporary Psychology Careers in Psychology Psychology’s Subfields Basic Research Biological psychologists explore the links between brain and mind Developmental psychologists study changing abilities from womb to tomb Cognitive psychologists study how we perceive, think, and solve problems

Contemporary Psychology Psychology’s Subfields Basic Research Personality psychologists investigate our persistent traits Social psychologists explore how we view and affect one another

Contemporary Psychology Psychology’s Subfields Applied Research Industrial/organizational psychologists study and advise on behavior in the workplace Clinical psychologists study, assess, and treat people with psychological disorders

Contemporary Psychology Psychiatry A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders Practiced by physicians who sometimes use medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychotherapy