The New Emperor of the West

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Presentation transcript:

The New Emperor of the West Charlemagne

Charlemange King of the Franks Emperor and ruler of the former Western Roman Empire An imposing character (tall, stocky, look of a warrior) 48 years of rule 768 AD – 814 AD (72 yrs old) Fought off the Lombards, Saxons, Avars, Slavs: 60 campaigns in all

Crowned Emperor 800 AD, Charlemagne marched to Italy to aid Pope Leo III quell a rebellion. On Christmas day, 800 AD, Pope Leo crowned Charlemagne emperor.

Charlemagne and learning Liked to have “lettered” people surrounding him; greatest scholar, an Englishman, Alcuin Tried to learn to write, but gave up eventually Encouraged the copying of books and manuscripts

Charlemagne and Religion Anyone he conquered had to swear an oath of loyalty to him and to accept the Roman Catholic Church Made sure that religious services were consistent throughout Europe. Forced illiterate clergy to become educated Tried to rid the church of corruption

Charlemagne’s Empire

End of Charlemagne Enemies at all borders (similar to Rome) Magyars from the East Muslims from Spain and Africa Vikings from Scandinavia Dies at 72, kingdom divided between sons.

Europe after Charlemagne His sons fight over control of the empire Europe breaks into smaller kingdoms as people look to local lords to defend them. Outside threats are Magyars, Muslims, and Vikings Vikings sailed all along the coast pillaging and raiding villages and setting up their own. For a while Danish Vikings had their own kings in England

Medieval ENgland In the early 11th century, the English throne was in question as the last king, Edward had died childless. William, Duke of Normandy in France believed he had a stronger claim to the throne than Harold who was Edward’s brother in law. William and the Norman army invade England October 14, 1066, at the Battle of Hastings, William is victorious. A descendant of Vikings, William the Conqueror took firm control of England and divided his new lands using a system called Feudalism

Feudalism A social order and political system that lasted until the 1200s. Rooted in the people’s need for protection against invaders and in land owners’ need for defense. Farmers turn to powerful landowners for protection. People receive protection in return for service as soldiers or for turning over title and ownership of their land to the larger landowners. This causes changes and new establishments in social structures and hierarchies.

How Feudalism works The king gives land to lords, who swear an oath of fealty (loyalty). Lords (or nobility) are the vassals of the king. Lords give land to their knights, who swear to serve their lord. Knights are the vassals of the Lord Knights give land to peasants, who swear to provide food and service. Peasants are the vassals of the knights.