The Beginnings of Islam The Arabian peninsula is covered by desert The nomads called Bedouins live there Herd sheep, camels, and goats Led trade caravans as guides Mecca is on the Arabian peninsula

The Arabian Peninsula

The Beginnings of Islam Muhammad was born in Mecca In 610AD Muhammad began to preach the teachings of Islam, his followers are called Muslims Allah is God, and Muhammad is called the Messenger In 622, Muhammad was invited to Yathrib Yathrib was changed to Medina, city of the prophet In 632, when Muhammad died, Islam had spread across the Arabian Peninsula

The Beginnings of Islam A mosque is a Muslim house of worship The Quran is the holy book Muslims pray 5 times a day and face toward Mecca Five Pillars of Islam- The basic beliefs of the religion Declaration of Faith Prayer Almsgiving Fasting Pilgrimage

The Beginnings of Islam Islam experienced a schism in 656 Uthman, the Islamic leader was assassinated Two groups argued over who should be the next leader The Shiites said it should be a direct descendant of Muhammad The Sunnis argued that any truly religious man could lead. Today, 85% of Muslims are Sunni Shiites and Sunnis still argue over this today

The Beginnings of Islam Sunni Countries Saudi Arabia Algeria Egypt Jordan Evenly Mixed Kuwait Shiite Countries Bahrain Iran Iraq