The Ancient Middle East

A View of Egypt by Satellite

The Fertile Nile Valley

The Annual Flooding of the Nile

Irrigation A system for watering crops

Civilization A society that has achieved a high level of culture in areas of government, religion, technology, art, and science.

Scenes of Ancient Egyptian Daily Life

An Egyptian Woman’s “Must-Haves” Perfume Mirror Whigs

Pharaoh Ruler of ancient Egypt worshiped as a God

Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs “King Tut” Tutankhamon 1336-1327 B. C. E. **QUEEN HATSHEPSUT One of the few women to rule Egypt** Ramses II 1279-1212 B. C. E.

Egyptian Nobility

Egyptian Priestly Class

Egyptian Scribe

Papyrus  Paper This paper is made from the Papyrus plant, which grows along the Nile River. Hieratic Scroll Piece Papyrus Plant

The Rosetta Stone Stone discovered in Rosetta, Egypt that was inscribed with 3 languages and helped to decode the hieroglyphic writing system.

Picture symbols in the Egyptian writing system Hieroglyphics Picture symbols in the Egyptian writing system

Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic symbols

Mummification The process of preserving a body for burial. Priests protected your KA, or soul-spirit

Materials Used in Mummification 1. Linen 6. Natron 2. Sawdust 7. Onion 3. Lichen 8. Nile Mud 4. Beeswax 9. Linen Pads 5. Resin 10. Frankinsense

Preparation for the Afterlife

Queen Tiye, wife of Amenhotep II 1210-1200 B. C. E. Egyptian Mummies Seti I 1291-1278 B. C. E. Ramses II 1279-1212 B. C. E. Queen Tiye, wife of Amenhotep II 1210-1200 B. C. E.

Journey to the Underworld The dead travel on the “Solar Bark.” A boat for the journey is provided for a dead pharaoh in his tomb.

Pyramid Stone structure with a square base and four triangular sides built as a tomb in ancient Egypt

Giza Pyramid Complex One of the 7 wonders of the world!

Plan of the Great Pyramid of Khufu

The Valley of the Kings

The study of past cultures by analyzing their remains. Archaeology Howard Carter (1922) The study of past cultures by analyzing their remains.

Mastaba Flat structure used as a tomb by a pharaoh, -it was the precursor to the pyramid

King Tutankhamon’s Death Mask 1336-1327 B. C. E.

Sarcophagus A stone coffin

King Tutankhamun’s Tomb

Treasures From Tut’s Tomb

Scarab Beetle, or an ornament representing a beetle, that is thought to be sacred