Dr Yasmine Dominguez-Whitehead 20 September 2016 Paulo Freire Dr Yasmine Dominguez-Whitehead 20 September 2016

Links

Marxism Ideology Consciousness

Historical Materialism Superstructure/Ideology protects the base

Critical Theory Status quo Hierarchy

Antonio Gramsci 1891-1937 Imagination (1959)

Cultural Hegemony Elite Oppressed Consent

Workers’ Education Critique of state education Intellectual reform Altre vie

Paulo Freire 1921-1997

The role of the oppressed Regain humanity Freedom Justice “Accordingly, while no one liberates himself [sic] by his own efforts alone, neither is he [sic] liberated by others” (Freire, 1970/1996, p. 48) “Freedom is acquired by conquest, not by gift” (p. 29) Page 26

False generosity/False charity What happens when members of the oppressor class join the oppressed? Page 42 “Executors of the transformation”

Identification with the oppressor “Adhesion to the oppressor” (p. 27) “Irresistible attraction” (p. 44) . See also p. 45 “In truth the boss was inside them.” (p. 46)

Praxis Reflection Critical awareness Action Transform their world

Praxis “It is only when the oppressed find the oppressor out and become involved in the organized struggle for their liberation that they begin to believe in themselves. This discovery cannot be purely intellectual but must involve action; nor can it be limited to mere activism, but must include serious reflection; only then will it be a praxis” (p. 47). Rejection of dichotomization.

On Thursday Proposed Pedagogy Banking concept of education Problem-posing education

Tutorial Questions In South Africa today, who is the oppressor and who is the oppressed? Justify your response. Reflect on the recent 2015/2016 #FeesMustFall protests, in what ways can Freire’s views/arguments be applied to these protests? What are some of the challenges related to applying Freire’s work to issues/inequalities faced today?