HOLOCAUST

Important Terms Eugenics Euthanasia Sterilization Ghetto’s Race betterment through breeding Euthanasia Mercy killing Sterilization Inability to reproduce Ghetto’s Segregated areas of a city

Nazi’s Adolf Hitler Reinhard Heydrich Heinrich Himmler Joseph Goebbels Oversaw Wannsee Conference Heinrich Himmler Commander of SS and Gestapo 2nd in Germany Joseph Goebbels German Propaganda Minister Adolf Eichmann Oversaw the Final Solution

Goebbels

Eichmann

Himmler

Heydrich

Germany Germany Depression 1920’s and 1930’s Looked for a way out someone to blame Hitler writes Mein Kampf Talks about Jews are inferior Jews didn’t fully support Germany in WWI Could be blamed for troubles in Germany

Aryan Race Ideal German Blond hair, blue eyes

1939-1945 TARGETS (WHY?) Jews Slavs and Poles Gypsies (Roma and Sinti) Handicapped (mentally and physically) Jehovah’s Witnesses Enemies of the state Homosexuals

1939-1945 11 million total 6 million Jews (2/3rds Jewish population) 5 million others

STAGES OF THE HOLOCAUST 1. Sterilization 2. Euthanize handicapped 3. Final Solution

Sterilization Cause inferior people to stop reproducing Injections and radiation Law for Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring July 1933 Sterilize mentally and physically handicapped, epileptic, blind, deaf, or alcoholics 400,000 by wars end

T-4 Euthanasia Program 1939-1941 Put people out of their misery and save Germany from paying for them Deformed, disabled, handicapped, and mentally ill 200,000

Nuremberg Laws (1935) Laws to restrict rights of Jews 1. Jews could not marry Germans (Hard labor) 2. No longer citizens, no sexual relations with Germans, no vote, and no public office (Imprisonment) Defined a Jew as a person with 1 Jewish grandparent

Ghettos Areas designated for Jews in major cities Warsaw was the biggest Warsaw had a major uprising

Kristallnacht Night of Broken Glass State sponsored actions against Jews and Jewish businesses Nov.8th- 9th 1938 200 killed 30,000 to camps 7,000 stores destroyed 1,574 synagogues destroyed

Final Solution Final Solution of the Jewish Problem Genocide Rounded up and put into Ghettos Wait for deportation 1. Used bullets and injections (Too $) 2. Work or starve to death (Too slow) 3. Gas Chambers

Camps Concentration Labor and Death Work for war effort until replaced or die

Camps Auschwitz-Birkenau (Poland) Treblinka (Poland) Belzec (Poland) 1.5 million Treblinka (Poland) 800,000 Belzec (Poland) 436,000 Majdanek (Poland) 235,000 Sobibor (Poland) 170,000 Chelmno (Poland) 152,000

Auschwitz

Auschwitz

Gas Chambers Started out with exhaust from cars Moved on to Zyclon B (rat poison) Efficient and cheap

Auschwitz

Nuremberg Laws List concentration camps (locations) Kristallnacht Targets of the Holocaust How many people were killed? Jews? List the 2 major ghettos Sterilization program was called? Euthanasia Program was called? Main stages of the Holocaust Final solution planner Final solution implementer German Propaganda Minister Wannsee Conference