When Change Happens A Workshop to Support TUSD Employees in Times of Change Megan McCormick, PhD, NCSP
When Change Happens Change is an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another; eg: moving from employed to un-employed Self initiated/We control : –Change our minds, our clothes, our attitude, our hair color, career, spouse, friends, etc…. –Positive Stress = Eustress External Factors/We don’t control: –Foreseen: Maturation, Graduation, Retirement, Death –Unforeseen: Accidents and Unexpected Losses –Negative Stress = Distress
When Change Happens PPPPhysiological Responses to Change –C–C–C–Central Nervous System (CNR) –P–P–P–Peripheral Nervous System –A–A–A–Autonomic Nervous System –T–T–T–The Role of Adreneline (Epinephrine) –T–T–T–The Role of Anxiety –T–T–T–The Role of Stress
Your Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
Physiology of Stress Response Novel Stimulus Perceived Message sent/become alert Stimulus Perceived as Danger/Threat Catacholamines stimulate neuroreceptor sites Sympathetic Division of ANS Activated Epinephrine (Adrenaline) Released Ready for Action Fight or Flight
Physiology of Stress Response Physiological Responses Acceleration of heart and lung action Paling or flushing Digestion slows or stops Blood vessels constrict Liberation of nutrients for muscular action Pupils dilate Auditory Exclusion (loss of hearing) Tunnel Vision (loss of peripheral vision) Acceleration of instantaneous reflexes
Negative Effects of Stress in Modern Humans Continuous release of epinephrine also releases norepinephrine and cortisol Suppresses immune response/system Suppresses digestion Uses up nutrients Addictive Increases heart rate Elevates blood sugar Disrupts homeostasis Interrupts the Parasympathetic Nervous System from functioning and returning to homeostasis
Psychological/Behavioral Responses to Stress Women Increased blood flow to Limbic System Nurturing Response Withdrawal Freeze Avoidance Sad Depression Anxiety Overall more resilient Men Increased blood flow to left orbitofrontal cortex “fight or flight” Aggression Easily frustrated Anger Outbursts Rage Impulsivity Action/Activity Self medication
When the Stressor is a Loss WWWWhen the Loss is Your Job LLLLosses are never in isolation and job loss sets off a domino effect of changes/losses/stressors IIIIdentity IIIIncome CCCColleagues/Social Structure and Support CCCCareer track PPPPlans HHHHome/City/Community DDDDreams SSSSense of Security IIIInvestments HHHHealth Care HHHHope
Dealing With a Loss The Process of Loss and Stages of Grieving Kubler-Ross Model Denial: “I’m good/fine” or “This isn’t happening” Anger: “Who’s to blame” or “Why me” or “Not fair” Bargaining: “OK, what if I teach Special Ed/Math?” Depression: “What’s the use?” Acceptance: “This is OK/New Chapter”
Dealing With a Loss Stages of Bereavement Shock and Numbness –Problems with processing Yearning and Searching –Denial or minimizing the impact of the loss. Frustration and disappointment as reality sinks in Disorganization and Despair –Sadness, depression, feelings of being overwhelmed Reorganization –Getting into cognitive restructuring and action.
The Role of Emotions Why Emotions Are Our Friends Hardwired for Survival Let us know something is wrong Thoughts trigger them If we manage thoughts and emotions we activate our parasympathetic nervous system We can manage thoughts better than emotions
Managing Thoughts and Emotions SSSSedona Method OOOOption Institute FFFFocusing YYYYoga MMMMeditation PPPPhysical Activity TTTTherapy VVVVisualization MMMMedication
Sedona Method BBBBased on awareness, acceptance and release of thoughts/emotions Steps Focus on feeling Ask: Could I accept or welcome this feeling? Ask: Am I willing to let it go? Ask: Would I let it go” Ask: When? Repeat until feeling is neutralized
Managing Emotions What’s Usual/Expected Anger/Frustration Sadness Anxiety Low Energy Impairment in Judgment
Managing Emotions/Behaviors Warning Signs Isolation Loss of interest in your faves Feelings of overwhelm/helplessness/hopelessness Self Destructive Acting Out Substance Abuse Angry outbursts Self Injury Eating Disorder Behavior Suicidal/Homicidal Ideation
COPING CCCCreate Your Mind Plan PPPPut things in Context MMMManage the Emotions DDDDo Inner Work/Personal Growth Work MMMManage Stress GGGGet Social Support and Professional Support
COPING Create Your Body Plan Daily Routine Exercise Diet Keep moving/clean things out
COPING Create Your Life Plan Get clear on what you want Research Explore Play Dream Action Plans
Resources Health America Oaks Employee Assistance Program AZ Mental Health Corp Option Institute Sedona Method When Bad Things Happen to Good People: Harold Kushner When Things Fall Apart: Pema Chodron The Power of Focusing: Ann Weiser Cornell, PhD Peace is Every Step: Thich Nhat Hanh Chicken Soup for the Soul: Jack Canfield A Grief Observed: C.S. Lewis Who Moved My Cheese: Spencer Johnson, M.D.
References Myers, David (2009) Psychology: Ninth Edition How Men and Women Cope Differently with Stress Traced to Genetic Differences Neuroscientists Find that Men and Women Respond Differently to Stress