Mechanical and Electromagnetic

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Presentation transcript:

Mechanical and Electromagnetic Waves Mechanical and Electromagnetic

Waves Wave- a disturbance that carries energy from one location to another location.

All waves must have energy to travel. A wave transports energy and NOT matter!

Two types: Transverse waves and Longitudinal waves Mechanical Waves Two types: Transverse waves and Longitudinal waves

Medium A medium is a substance or material that carries the wave. The medium is made up of matter, which is a solid, liquid, or gas.

Mechanical Waves Mechanical waves- requires a medium in order to transport their energy.

Transverse Waves A transverse wave- moves in a direction perpendicular to the direction that the wave moves.

Examples of Transverse Waves: Ocean waves Ripples on water surface Vibrating guitar strings Electromagnetic waves

Transverse Waves Crest- top of wave Trough- bottom of wave The line drawn through the center of the diagram represents the rest position.

Transverse Waves Amplitude- is how much energy the wave carries. It is the distance from rest to crest or rest to trough. Wavelength- can be measured as the distance from crest to crest or from trough to trough.

Longitudinal Waves Longitudinal wave - A wave that has the motion of the medium parallel to the direction of the wave. Looks like a slinky or spring Example: sound waves

Longitudinal Waves Rarefaction - where the wave particles are spread apart. Compression - where the wave particles are close together.

Longitudinal vs. Transverse

Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic Waves Electromagnetic waves- are waves that are capable of traveling through a vacuum (empty space). Requires NO medium.

Electromagnetic Waves Examples: Light waves Radio waves Microwaves TV X-rays Gamma rays

Frequency Frequency- the number of waves that pass in a given amount of time. Least frequency are radio waves. Higher frequency are gamma rays.

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Colors of Visible Light Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet

Wave Behaviors Reflection - The bouncing back of a wave after it hits a surface that it doesn’t go through. Ex: a mirror

Wave Behaviors Refraction -the slight bending of a wave as the wave passes between two substances. Ex: Pencil in water

Wave Behaviors Diffraction- when a wave is bending around an object. Ex: sound & light traveling

Wave Behaviors Interference: when two waves combine or meet to form one new wave. Can be constructive or destructive

Wave Behaviors Constructive Interference: creates a larger wave. Ex: rogue waves in the ocean

Wave Behaviors Destructive Interference: creates a smaller wave. Ex: noise cancelling headphones

http://www.solpass.org/6- 8Science/8s/Standards/PS.8activity.htm https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVyHkV3wIyk http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jAXx0018QCc Chinese Spouting Bowl http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVsQ_m6281g http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqUYu0I-c1g http://www.arborsci.com/media/datasheet/P7- 7510_DS.pdf How to