Nucleic Acids DNA, RNA, ATP.

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Presentation transcript:

Nucleic Acids DNA, RNA, ATP

Structure Made of C, H, O, N, P What is the monomer for Nucleic Acids? Nucleotides! RNA – Single or Double stranded DNA – Double stranded (Double Helix)

DNA – Deoxyribonucleic Acid Function: Codes for genetic material/instructions Where it is made: DNA is copied in the nucleus using DNA Replication DNA is stored as chromosomes and CANNOT leave the nucleus

RNA – Ribonucleic Acid There are 3 types of RNA: rRNA, tRNA, mRNA Function: Codes for proteins Where it is made: RNA is made in the nucleus using Transcription RNA is able to leave the nucleus to reach the ribosomes

Structure of Nucleotides Nucleotides have 3 parts: A Nitrogenous Base (There are 5 types: A,T,U,C,G) A Phosphate Group A Pentose (5 Carbon) Sugar (There are 2 types: Deoxyribose and Ribose)

Structure of DNA Nucleotides DNA uses 4 nitrogenous bases: Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine DNA uses a Phosphate DNA uses a Deoxyribose Sugar (hence the name) Base Pairs: Adenine pairs with Thymine Guanine pairs with Cytosine

Structure of RNA Nucleotides RNA uses 4 nitrogenous bases: Adenine Uracil Guanine Cytosine RNA uses a Phosphate RNA uses a Ribose Sugar (hence the name) Base Pairs: Adenine pairs with Uracil Guanine pairs with Cytosine

Structure of DNA The spiral support for DNA consists of a Sugar and Phosphate Backbone The two strands are held together by Hydrogen Bonds The bases always pair the same way to connect the strands: A-T (Adenine and Thymine) and C-G (Cytosine and Guanine)

DNA vs. RNA Structure

ATP – Adenosine Triphosphate Function: Provides cellular energy Where it is produced: ATP is produced in the mitochondria using cellular respiration

DNA RNA Polymer: Nucleic Acid Monomer: Nucleotide Picture Phosphate 5 Carbon Sugar – Deoxyribose Nitrogenous Bases: Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Base-Pair Rules: A – T G – C Bases pair connect with hydrogen bonds RNA 5 Carbon Sugar – Ribose Adenine Uracil Base Pair Rule: A – U

DNA RNA NAME TYPE OF SUGAR DOUBLE OR SINGLE STRANDED BASE PAIRS CAN IT LEAVE THE NUCLEUS DOUBLE HELIX FUNCTION WHERE IS IT MADE Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid Ribose Nucleic Acid Deoxyribose Ribose Double Single A –T G - C A –U G - C NO YES YES NO Genetic Code for characteristics Codes for proteins Nucleus Nucleus