1. Learning Objectives Learn the Base Pairs of DNA
Know the monomers of DNA
Learn what a Codon is
Learn the Base Pairs of RNA
Learn the major differences between DNA and RNA

2. Genetics How to Read DNA
A T C G C T A G G C
T A G C G A T C C G
DNA has Base Pairs that always go together
A = T and G C

3. A = T and G C Try again: DNA has Base Pairs that always go together
T T G C G A C G G A T A C A
A A C G C T G C C T A T G T
DNA has Base Pairs that always go together
A = T and G C

4. Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid: a double chain
polymer of nucleic acids (nucleotides) that is passed from parents to children in ALL LIFE
Monomer
Polymer
Nucleotides
DNA and RNA
Nucleotides: there a 5 types of nucleic acids
Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Uracil (U)
Guanine (G) Cytosine (C ) (RNA only)

6. A = T and G C Base Pairs 2 Hydrogen Bonds 3 Hydrogen Bonds
Adenine (A) always pairs with Thymine (T) 2 H-bonds
Guanine (G) always pairs with Cytosine (C) 3 H-bonds

7. 2
H-Bonds 3
H-Bonds

8. 3 H-Bonds
2 H-Bonds

9. A = T and G C

10. Codon: Every 3 bases on a single DNA strand is called a “DNA Codon” (this will be very important later for us)
T A G C G A T C C
Codon

11. Ribose Nucleic Acid: a single chain
polymer of nucleic acids (nucleotides) so it has only 1 strand not 2
DNA
RNA

13. RNA DNA A = U G C A = T G C Ex: T A C Ex: A U G Has 1 strand, no helix
Has 2 strands, double helix
Base Pairs:
A = T G C
A = U G C
Use Uracil instead of Thymine
Every 3 bases =
DNA Codon
Ex: T A C
Every 3 bases=
RNA Codon
Ex: A U G

14. RNA can bind to single DNA strand
DNA Codon
DNA
C G A T G G A T A C A
G C U A C C U A U G U
RNA
RNA Codon

15. RNA can bind to single DNA strand
TRY AGAIN
DNA Codon
DNA
G A T A C A A T A C A
C U A C G U U A U G U
RNA
RNA Codon
End